Jan., 1908 



THE NEW RESERVES ON THE WASHINGTON COAST 



47 



Hummers iSeIasf>horus rufus) are also included among the resident land birds; 

 while the tree-crowned islets near shore support the ordinary fauna of the main- 

 land. Ravens and Northwest Crows, Peale Falcons and Sparrow Hawks lay the 

 entire region under tribute, but the Corvids, at least, nest invariably upon the 

 mainland. The Olympiades boast twelve species of nesting sea-birds, as follows: 



Haematopus bachmani. Black Oystercatcher. At least one pair — usually no 

 more — of these noisy fowls occupies every major rock among the Olympiades and 

 every reef which lifts a head, say, twenty-five feet above the surf. The larger 

 islets may support half a dozen pairs at once, and Destruction Island has about 

 twelve. They usually nest upon the bare rock, and they prefer a station at the 

 summit of the tide-washed shoulder or "water-table" of the island. Here their 

 eggs fall an easy and frequent prey to that indefatigable connoisseur, the Raven. 



Larus occidentalis. Western Gull. Colonies of this species occupy the chief 

 rocks of the Copalis Rock Reservation, but the bird is only casual northward, where 

 it Is supplanted by glaucescens. In the great Glaucous-wing colonies, which oc- 



ALEXANDER ISLAND, OUILtAYUTE NEEDLES RESERVATION 



Photo by W. I,eon Dawson 



cur on Wishaloolth and Carroll (in the Quillayute Needles Reservation) a few typi- 

 cal Westerns may be seen, and between these and true glaucescens every gradation 

 appears to exist. I took no specimens, but if appearances count for anything there 

 are ten "mulattoes" to one full-blooded darky Western, on Carroll. 



The Quiniault Indians have plundered the colonies on Split Rock and Wil- 

 loughby for ages, and one of the first effects of the order will be to stop that. The 

 gulls have become very wary, not to say discouraged, and a thousand might cover 

 the breeding population north of Copalis Rock proper (of which I have no infor- 

 mation). 



Larus glaucescens. Glaucous- winged Gull. Gulls, like Baird Cormorants, 

 nest in scattering fashion wherever opportunity offers. From one to forty pairs, 

 therefore, may be found about every principal rock north of Destruction Island 

 They colonize extensively, however, upon Cake Rock, which is nearly inaccessible 

 Dohodaaluh; Wishaloolth, Carroll Islet (Habaahtaylch); White Rock (Peechwah) 

 Old Rock (the outermost member of the Flattery Rock group); Father and Son 



