The Migration of North American Birds 



SECOND SERIES 



XVIIl. RED-WINGED BLACKBIRDS 



Compiled by Harry C. Oberholser, Chiefly from Data in the Biological Survey 

 RED-WINGED BLACKBIRD 



The well-known Red-winged Blackbird {Agdaius phasniceus) in some one 

 of ils many forms is found throughout most of North America, Mexico, and 

 Central America, north to Quebec, Mackenzie, and British Columbia, and 

 south to Costa Rica. Northward and eastward it is migratory, but the Cali- 

 fornia races and those along the Gulf of Mexico seem to be mostly resident. 

 The distribution of the North American subspecies is given IjcIow. 



The Florida Red-winged Blackbird (Agelaius phoiniceus phceniceus) is 

 resident in the soutlieastern United States from southern Florida (excepting 

 I he southeastern coast and the Keys) north to the coast region of South 

 Canjlina, to southern Alabama, southern Louisiana, and southeastern Texas. 



The Bahama Red-winged Blackbird (Agelaius phceniceus bryanit) is resident 

 in soulheaslern Morifla., the Morida Keys to Key West, and in the Bahama 

 Islands. 



The Rio Grande Red-winged 'E\a.cWa\x6. ( A gelaius phaniceus megapoUimus) is 

 resident in cent ral soul hern Texas, Tamaiilipas, and northern Vera Cruz, Mexico. 



The Eastern Red-winged Blackbird (Agelaius phceniceus predalorius) 

 breeds in the northeastern United States and southeastern Canada, north to 

 Nova Scotia, Quebec, and Ontario; west to central Ontario, central Wisconsin, 

 Iowa, Missouri, eastern Oklahoma, and northeastern Texas; south to northern 

 Louisiana, northern Alabama, and North Carolina; and east to the Atlantic 

 coast from North Carolina to Nova Scotia. It winters regularly north to 

 southern Virginia and Arkansas, occasionally to southern New York and 

 northern Illinois; and south to the coast of the Gulf of Mexico from Florida 

 to Texas. 



The Northern Red- winged Blackbird (Agelaius phceniceus arctolegus) 

 breeds in central Canada and the central ncjrthern United. States, north to 

 northern Manitoba (central Keewatin) and southern Mackenzie; west to 

 western Mackenzie, Alberta, and southeastern British Columbia; south to 

 Montana, North Dakota, Minnesota, and northern Michigan; and east to 

 Jiorthern Michigan and eastern Manitoba. In migration it wanders east to 

 Ohio and Connecticut; and winters south to Texas, Louisiana, and Alabama, 



The Thick-billed Red-winged Blackbird (Agelaius phceniceus for lis) breeds 

 in the central United States, north to Wyoming; west to Wyoming and central 

 Colorado; south to northwestern Texas; and east to central Nebraska. It 

 occurs, at least in migration, east to southwestern Minnesota, and winters 

 south to northern New Mexico, southern Texas, and Louisiana. 



The Nevada Red-winged Blackbird (Agelaius phceniceus nevadensis) breeds 



