TiUHa. ZoOL, Soc, Vol. XVI.J 



[To face p. 2(ii. 



THE CLASSinCATION OP PARROTS ACCORDING TO THEIR LINGUAL MYOLOGY 

 AND OSTEOLOGY. 



,.(A.) Parahynl areh complete. Stylohyoideus abaoot. Outer portion of sorpihyoidoUB insorted to basihyal. Corato- 

 gloaaua inferior posticua extends back to posterior oud of hypobrauohial. A ceratoglosaua inferior onticos 

 aocesaorius absent. 



(1) The tondon of the ceratoglossns inferior spreads out in a fan-shaped manner over tbo posterior portion 

 I -j of the muede. Inner division of sorpiliyoideus eontraoted at origin. 

 H [ So.1. 



(2) The tendon of inferior ceratoglossus ia merely continued back on to tbo ceratoglossns inferior posticus, 

 without widening. Serpihyoideus is not contracted at origin. 



Vim. 



^ , (B.) Parahyal arcb comploto. Slyloliyoideus narrow, inserted to hypocleidium of parabyol arch, and not cooflueut 



R j with Borpihyoideua at any part of ita courao. Outer (anterior) portion of eerpibyoideua not represented. 



o \ CcratoglosauB inferior posticus docs not extend back to posterior end of hypobrancbial. The poaterior 



w I division of anterior mylohyoidoua absent, 



fe ^'estor. 



(C.) Parahyal arch iucomplefce. Stylohyoideua usually well developed, and inserted to or near apical portion 

 of parahyal process. Outer portion of aerpihyoidoua inaerted to head of hypobrancbial. The ceratogloaaua 

 inferior posticua may or may not esteud back to the posterior end of tbo hypobrancbial, and excepdonally 

 may be absent. A ceraloglossus inferior antieus accessoriue, with but one exception, prosont. 



^ I. The ventral fascia of tbo ceratoglossus interior antieus is not tendinous : the coratoglossua inferior posticus 

 extends back to the posterior end of the hypobrancbial =|. 

 / (a) The tbyroglossua arises from the parahyal process. 



(a) The inner portion of tbo coratoglossoa inferior antieus has reached stage HI of retrogression. 

 PHtlucvla. 'i- 



Ci/anorhainpfiKS. ^'~ 

 Ni/mpbicHS, ^ ' 



(S) The inner portion of the ceratoglossus inferior auticus baa reached stage II of retrogrcaaiou, 

 Pi/i-rkiilop/ris. 

 Cnica. * 

 (ji) The tliyroglossus arises from tbo ontoglossum. 



(a) The inner portion of the ceratoglossus inferior antieus has reached stage III of retrogression. 

 Liin'c'lhig. 

 Pyrrhara. ^■^ 



(b) The inner portion of the cemtoglossua inferior anticua has reached stage H of retrogression. 



/ II. Tho ventral fascia of the ceratoglossus inferior antieus ia tendinous. 



(1) The tendon of tho ceratoglossns inferior is well developed, and the ceratoglossus inferior posticus 

 extends back to tbo posterior end of the hypobranchiul = j. 

 (ii) The thyrogloasus arises from the parahyal process. 

 Pezoponis. 



Platijeercua. S''r'^ 



}ioUiorli<]H.chm. %3i 



Frioiiitums. ^' ' 



, (/3) The thjToglossuB arises from the ontoglossum. 



^ PaoMuhnhtt, ' ' 



Taii'jgnathft^. 

 Plistes. 



I'ion02>si(lacus. 

 PtUtinus. 





ir end of the hypobranchiul = 



C/3) The ( 



(3) 



The tendon of tho ceratoglossus inferior is not well developed. 

 (,■) The ccraloglos3us inferior posticus extcndiback to the postori 

 PsejAotvu. ■f"«" ( 



CVmiiru*. ' 



i^fliteoiw*. ^- - 



Brologtrytt >-- - 



itoglossus inferior postlous extends back along the onlcrior two-thiids only of tho 

 hypobrancbial =s- 



DcroplynB. ' . 



PBitUicits. 

 {y) The ceratoglossus inferior posticus extends buck along tho anterior half only of the hypo- 

 Lnuchiul = i. t - c 



mtcm. 



J( 



The tendon of the ceratoglossus inferior poafclcus is not developed, and a thickeoed tract in tho 



tendinous fascia forcsbsdowiug its formation may or may not be present. 

 (a) The thyrobyo'idcns nccossorius b absent. 

 Ci/itnoli/scus. 2-0 J 



Chrijsotis. %ii' 



Ara. JSi^ 



(y3) Tbo thyrobyoidous acccssorius is present. 



Cacatua. 



Mierorjlotmt- 

 Calopnitacua, 



Cahjiilorhijiickus. 



tSl. 



/H 



