202 MK. P. E. r.EDDAED— CONTEIBUTIONS TO THE 



illustration of the side view of i;he head of a young Orang, a number of important 

 differences at once appear. In the first place, the shape of the head is quite different. 

 The larger Orang shows the " brachycephaly " which is characteristic of the Orang, as 

 compared with the Chimpanzee or Gorilla, to a very much greater degree than does 

 the head of the supposed lesser Orang. Indeed, the head of this animal is not unlike 

 that of a Chimpanzee ; its shortness, however, as compared with its breadth becomes 

 plainer after an inspection of the accompanying drawings (Plates XXI. and XXV. fig. 1), 

 which represent the vertex of the Orang and the Chimpanzee. But even here the dis- 

 crepancy is not very great, the measurement being : — 



Length of cranium. Breadth, of cranium. 



Chimpanzee [Troglodytes calvus) . . . 140 mm. 116 mm. 



Orang {Simla morio 1) 132 mm. 113 mm. 



The difference in the height of the forehead is also very marked. It is well known 

 that this is a character of age, the older Orangs having less lofty foreheads than the 

 young ; but " George " was probably not more than four or five years old at the time 

 of his death, inasmuch as none of the permanent teeth had put in an appearance. 



Again, the relative baldness of the forehead of the two Apes furnishes a remarkable 

 difference. In the Orang examined by myself the baldness was more pronounced than 

 in the animal figured by Dr. Hermes. It will be noticed that the hair on the temples 

 stops short on a level with the ear, whereas it extends much further forward in the 

 animal illustrated in Hermes's figure, and also in the Orang's head figured by Abel ^. 

 It is true that in Chenu's figure the hair stops at the same point as it does in the Orang 

 which forms the subject of the present communication ; but the forehead of the animal 

 figured by Chenu is much higher, and in other respects it agrees with the typical 

 Orang. 



The length of the hair also is greater in the young of the larger Orang. This is 

 shown in Hermes's figure and in the woodcut given by Mr. Wallace. But the length 

 of the hair upon the head seems to be a question of age. It is short in the adult Orang 

 figured by Hermes. 



I do not, however, propose on these characters to establish a species, whether called 

 Simla morlo or by some other name. My object is rather to take the opportunity 

 afforded me of contributing fresh data to the gradually accumulating material, which 

 wiU ultimately permit of a definite opinion upon the question. In the meantime 

 I submit that the differences between the animal of which a drawing is exhibited 

 (Plate XXIV.) and the typical Orang figured by Dr. Hermes are quite as marked [as 

 the differences between, say, a Tartar and an Aryan. 



" Some Account of the Ourang Outang etc.," Asiat. Research, vol. xv. pi. i. 



