206 MR. F. E. EEDDAED — CONTEIBUTIONS TO THE 



of the latissimus dorsi ; the posterior attachment of the muscle is to the humerus direct 

 alono- a line measuring as nearly as possible an inch, ending at the middle of the 

 humerus. 



(5) The hiceps is composed of two very distinct portions : the coracoidal head arises 

 from the coracoid process in common with the coraco-bracJiialis ; the two are fused for 

 a length of two and a half inches. This muscle is rather thinner than the humeral 

 half; it fuses with the latter one inch and seven-tenths in front of their common 

 insertion. The muscle is fleshy except just at its origin and for a short way beyond, 

 where it is covered by a glistening tendinous layer; its connection with the humeral 

 half of the muscle is as follows — rather more than half an inch before the fusion of the 

 two the coracoid head becomes tendinous on one side ; this tendinous part is inserted on 

 to the fleshy part of the humeral head on the side of the muscle which faces the bone ; 

 the fleshy part of the muscle is inserted on to the conjoined tendon of the two heads. 



The humeral head arises in the usual way by a strong tendon which gradually passes 

 into muscle ; it begins again to be tendinous some little way in front of its fusion with 

 the coracoid head. 



(6) Latissimus dorsi is a large, flat muscle extending in its origin as far back as 

 the crest of the ilium ; it also arises from lumbar fascia and from posterior ribs ; the 

 muscle rapidly narrows towards its insertion, and at a point about on a level with where 

 the teres major becomes free from its attachment to the scapula divides into two 

 portions, one of which is very small. It has a nearly circular section, and measures in 

 diameter only one-fifth of an inch ; its total length is three and a half inches from the 

 point where it leaves the rest of the latissimus dorsi to where it joins the teres major, 

 in common with which it is inserted. The remaining portion of the muscle passes into 

 a broad flat tendon one inch and one-third in length ; the insertion of this tendon is 

 J-shaped, the recurved bit being anterior and joining the insertion of the teres major ; 

 the straight part of the tendon is inserted on the tricipital grooves just below the 

 insertion of the pectoralis major : it is nearly coextensive with the insertion of that 

 muscle. I have already mentioned that the coraco-hrachialis is partly inserted on to 

 the tendon of the latissimus dorsi. Just at the point where latissimus dorsi passes 

 into tendon it gives oflp a dorso-epitrocJilear slip, which is a round and fleshy muscle 

 about one-third of an inch in diameter ; at a distance of two inches from the elbow 

 the muscle passes into a tendinous strip to which are attached some of the flbres of 

 the triceps and of the brachialis anticus ; it is therefore vertical, being apparently 

 attached to the humerus ; a little later it becomes free as an extremely fine tendon 

 which lies lightly stretched like a violin-string between the shaft of the humerus and 

 its flexor condyle. 



(7) Trapezius. — The origin of this muscle from the spines of the vertebra extends 

 back as far as the commencement of the origin of the latissimus dorsi ; anteriorly the 

 origin reaches the head, but owing to the removal of the brain I could not make out 



