Jawvanv 10, 1863.] THE GARDENERS CHRONICLE AND AGRICULTURAL GAZETTE. 31 
5 16 is said with success, во far as a short eus | Brought forward  .. E 28 6 0 3818 0 
Meals aft dotainthe ti qm ven for those мент, the farmer has no Mae ien. nt for e nene n ^s с. Н 
мед remembered, that at or about Йо! 
omsey, t 
147. 16s. 10d.—and that 447. 8s. 034. isthe 
It m 
river эше its chalk bed for dio. plastic 
whi 
nd I 
ent engineering 
to 
that it requires a bondager to work full | 
Earnings of bondager.. . £161 "n 0 EI 14 se 
clays, which gives a totally differ gross уйа, a great many farmers pay each Ha for his Supposed gross, total xdi toa tind for 
aspect to the question ; these clays Deo carriers own wages, and for his bondager —€— ome |" his and his bondager 
the river, which now ceases to be augmented by the | farmers pay 67. as а substitute for a cow's keep, and bob enl. £50 12 10 
chalk springs, whic ch t ther efore „cannot be affec cte d by er day for the. vis s work foe ah e piei Deduct the c сові of the hind of the bondager 
the year, which is the general у „ы But Supposed maximum rate of bondagor's 
the silt, pent, and adig which form the pea sub- | few give ES bushels w v arley, substitute for wages . £1210 0 
soil of the valle ey—this was very шу вееп 1п "re he cow's keep, e other ims, vidi is the ced for 50 Md Er шады = 1210 0 
operation of securing a foundation for a bridge over one | maximum га е wages. I make the three дн ЗЕ gs. d Her 
of th ings: below these permeable soils is an 1ш- | gross totals equal to 447. 8s. Oàd.; Ат, A 234.; а алаа а 
perme ed of clay. In the district now under | 507. 125, „and а house and garden free, and coals | Cost to the hind ofthe bondagercontraet £27 12 0 27 12 0 
treatment, of three miles, below Romsey, two main areas ed. Reckoning 6s. per week a small enough allow- 4 n ES 
ith a small lateral area comprising the pleasure | ance for giving an able-bodied farm 1 abour rer rh is board, D: FM Su y iubet 
grounds at Broadlands are ed. In other words, id odgings and washing, I make thethr ano SA 
two open cuttings of from 5 to 6 feet in depth hav 167. 165. 03 Z 191. 13s, 224., and 281. Od., and is 
een made, one discharging itself into a back water ouse and en free, and coals carted in each of the 
the west of the main stream below some hatches (or a treo disent rates. But as the bondager's wages АЗ P 
weir); this passes under a tributary stream in its|vary from 107. to about 137. per annum and as very few Seotíctíts. 
course. The second main cut crosses and passes under- were жыр ork 313 days for the 12 БАЕ the hind's р а РФ, e те wd 
neath the соб diagonally to give additional я wages d determined only by deducting the wages |  ROYAL DUBLIN :—The Prevalen p? a iss VOOR rae "d 
fall in a direc jon where it, commence! above and that s of the bondager of the gross total paid to Diseases amongst our Domestic Anima Ireland. 
pataia "and outfalls into а mil teil below. | the hind. lculations gi i Professor Gamgee, о f Edinburgh, lately rond a б аре 
Тһе connection Ketesi die old water-meadow feeders | the farmer, but you are well aware I showed at page this iu before y Society, and from it we make 
and the river is eut off; the depressions of the m ы 426 of the Agricultural Gazette for 1858, and a the following extra 
by page 81 for 1859, that the money fi On If we = 
old water meadows will then either be converted into of the cow's keep and the Potatoes does not гор esent сазо Pr ыз, Меда -— пшн, Ha má ovon, Belgiu, ш, oilan, н 
dry раз stur or brought into arable cultivation, and the т money value of the payment in kind to a I| поа whichiare exporting for € y of those who fatten 
thi о hear of Mr. Poo of Timpondoan; for the bu ай but Ai the m v» where stall — is 
amory. The pre esent aspect of the operation is in its ^ other prac farmers, defending the pra carried on—where extensive disti ебед, sugat п — mit 
Oi zi aking а кые ше Инш ар at oL pays starch makers o th тА етй уе The animals have been 
irst, able mould, mixed ог alternating i Fide ient: bou; b ers, sold and re-sold, and no sooner ari 
No. 1. us EIER VALUE TO FARMERS OF THE MINIMUM RATE 
TH 
marl; it contains man eye is but consists| or PM. IN CasH AND KIND FOR THE 52 WEEKS ENDING 
principa n id гита of ne pure carbonate of B. сіт 2 : € b Oui, ds 
ime. eid of c омине (to all appearance аена d ыл 
round к>. үм у be seen in the beds of the old feed el e scm 4s. TÀd. жг 18 10. 
et the rivers vat. when examined they will be found to | 6 Бизе of P. p^ 5з, d 5 à 10 0 
e nodules of carbonate of lime, the deposit iae the | “ Sheep, pen, and lint (Flax) money ".. 
ubstitute for a cow's keep- 500 
water charged with that substance; they are usually | Эшне for 1800 yarda cf Potato drills 5 0 0 
depositions pii а nucleus of vegetable substanc Substitute for a month's food in harvest 1 0 0 
"This marl is found in large qi quantities also in the bed of | —— — 9911 2; 
the Тева; ies it may seen in very many of the augmente currere бү qu garden 
feeders, and o cropping in the banks of the rivers, ир pil E © ЫНА rere dice poor m 
Неге it has in past time been dug for application |19 days in harvest at B and El id . £110 0 
to the heavy lands, us he s lime, | Bondager's board har when 
and for immediate combination with soil it must be | reaping 010 0 
valuable, and more effective than chalk for that | 201 Pes ig е 1d m. those Who work fal 12 10 10 
purpose. This marl generally rests on а bed of near ly Dicen 
pure peat, which again rest on a be arp flint Earnings of bondager to the hind .. £14 16 10 14 16 10 
gr e have here, judging chemically, all the а UII Nus 
elements of fertility, which mig a ation, as — Wh MS аш ч стаи аы 
opportunity offered, become ver ctive. А £44 8 0j 
Bishopstoke the valuable m iry farm are Deduct. tho ét of the bondager contract to the hind : 
all appearance of a soil nearly identical with those in | From ut ИР Ур 971020 
the valley of the Test: though a casual obser vation Board Ter ME Wed at fa. 1210 0 
could not determine this question, which can only be | For n ging, тен and incidental 
settled by experience. The meadows at рене ? ви 
can be done, 
£27.12 0 $712 0 
they are used as a winter run for | heavy dairy COWS, who 
seem to do well upon them. The meadows in the Test A hind's nett wages aro 1616 0j 
anda поа! and garden free Ms cda 
y be broken up; they appear specially fitted for 
arted. 
No. 2.— VALUE TO FAR RS OF THE GENERAL RATE OF 
w 
win А, roots, Floods are little to be feared in the 
upper part of the Test, exc ept after аз sudden thaw ; is e—— of Barley a4. 4s. Ңа. 4 E 10% 
Sid e it Н сро of Реа DA EE da 110 0 
side of this valley, would be insignificant when the | < Sheep, pen, nt money” .. 500 
capacity of L^ river and these carriers is taken into | Substitute ETT T H 2 $ 
account, J. C. AE s pen bstitute foe" a month's і food in 
E—————— est 100 
Hind's wages on some farms and vede 
Hom e Correspondence. ае for house, garden, p coals 
Wages in Roxburghshire and the West of В &c. DOM I LC LE 2 1| 23 3011 2 
shire.— V The croit f е an intelligent Corries pe Рр A ager contract 
ponden е | of the whose circumstances he ко d ; аги 
i table.] | 223 days at 1s. & Стои 5820 
esuming Ji as C. Morton is collecting | 78 days at 10d. QUE IecL Secr quur а БЕТ 
materials for his “ Pin er's Almanack” for 1863, I 
ave put myself to the trouble of collecting а M e ээ ong qii iua 
out three 
tabu ular accounts whi ich s how t the gross total p е6 а 
is bondager, board, lodgings, and wash v an Mif 
E the bondager from 10/. n Xs = ages 
s self- evident. that the cost to the 
Mc id to a 
pesos his own wages and for the cost of йырыны 
tothe hind. Since one b nshel of f Oats of 46 lbs. 
16 is 
Gross totai paid to a hind for his 
own wages and Ыз bondager 
P 
ibo 100 e of oatmeal. 
The, e minimum rate of ае consists of 100 ора“ 
stones of oatmeal. P bushels of Barley, 6 bushels of 
Peas, 57. of “sheep money," 57. as a substitute for а 
eei keep, 57. as a Substitute for the 1500 yards (lin е 
of drills for growing Potatoes; a month's food i 
harvest, or 1/.; and a house and кесен wd free, ind | 
the cartage of 6 or 7 cart] coals 
Northumbrian pi oc нагашын. ju 
— still pay the hind 10d. for each day his bondager | 
orks throughout the year, and current rate of 
pd wages when cutting corn. i iiec 
ved be: ing thos 
burg i аата "Нана, Oldenbu urg, 
islan of Z 
мез 
еве аге {һе large exporting counties for - meat 
y import largely to feed for the butcher. 
E Dise 
hos 
Eier also to the foo and-m 
aphtha. I Je adire refor to these disease! 
Ireland toget 
roris as to the 
i hey has of th: 
orders in Munster, i Lee tha! 
eres 
owing 
eep we the supply of pe iris Dr the 
ntleman ла bs 37 cows in m 18 
30 in 1862, o 
y in 
ly pin urchases to 
Feria milk. One 
in 1855, 20 in 1860, an 
in is 0) 
ce, affo; xamples of special 
brooding ders, which 1 have never been 
с but once, апа 
the large 
are dying off or 
contract ás £47 5 23 reed an ШУ, uite 50 per се zi id the total losses by 
Deduet the cost of the bondager contract :— is In of the districts I have referred to, fully 70 or 
Fro а A to 121, 108. ее annum for 80 pet bé, ofi the total of jon roeit. fon pleuro pneumonia. 
. £12 10 0 These contagious diseases are kept up by the trade in diseased 
Board p^ 50 weeks at 5s. 1210 0 animals, by t ers DN asing calves from nido wns 
үе Pera eed "- incidental and elsewhere impregnated with disease, and а con- 
212 0 cM yearly i tbe dares rtation of calves from the great centres or 
disease— viz. d Liverpool, Manchester, Birmin, 
£97 12 0 2712 0 |harm, Bristol, a 258 wn 
Balan Са, #1913 9i Quarter Ill. жее within the last 20 years contagious 
And emer denen аваа: "|diseases have been very ripe, during that репо} the 
and е сагіаро of coal extermination of more enzootic disorders has been 
No. 3.—MaxiMUM RATE OF WAGES IN CASH AND KIND. observed, owing to improvements in agriculi ture, and 
5 loads фы "me to 50 vt els of especially to the extension and thorough drainage of 
d ea decer Parie da [Л р a. land. But the forcing system, on the other hand, has 
б Боек Рева у, аі Усе led t development of diseases of а t and 
* Sheep, pen, ani it (Flax) money " соо very fatal nature, which occur here there eed 
бешт for Eum. tato ii Н Аг, kie mc аш ee E ea etes 
о! drills 0 
Substitute for Кыты н d 0 0 h as Her le 
| ———— sseminated over Ld LS. 
£33 18 10 £33 18 10 | are Ма ere but M ^ which the rearing ur jute МЕСЕ is 
Hind's wages and a house and [garden, always attended w. . The disease developed 
шош окы — in these soilsis em Жон ae fever of — 
to the for his bondager authors; the с Тев, 0 ог er- country. In 
contract :— i evory climate the disease à: in Тар It has been observed in 
12 days at 35, апа € .. £116 0 the P. Fole E erre d - лоте; it prevails 
есен board for 12 for 13 days si 010 0 also in UTE. Mos ae I find 
ара Ө t it x chiefy p ET, in valleys along 
Carried forward ne 6 0 mountains, where the pastures are rich but damp, 
