226 THE GARDENERS CHRONICLE AND — GAZETTE. [Manor 7, 1863; 
becoming of greater importance, and no season ы And its liability to adulteration, of which the |power needed in fallow operations there makes h 
better than the present e drawing attention A pev courts have just given a curious s illustration ower tly. There are aboa 400 
recent experience connecied with i renders it the dm trustw — The follo wing | acres in the Vale ^ of The 
Dr. VOELCKER has for several years published | conversation just reported between the AR | di enini agg i ix qoare Wheat ove Me other year, 
the results of his ех) рине А. with common salt, | and the constable, the magistrates 8 | е; k, and a 2B Bald pem ш ng рд oM Hr s aud 
nitrate of » ваЦа of ammonia; guano , and so oot, wi itness, is sufficiently i ggestive: |, Eee igh ridges— seen still in the old разг 
as top-dressings for eat. Police Coni — Јонх 5м. 79 G, said— -The « copperas is great rolling ves of land, in the hollows of which 
irst, of 1860, as reported in n the Transactions | "sed by а sees in bis business as а sweep: his | boys are hidden from each other, Y been grad Qi 
of the eir Associati n for 1861; the following |, zn What сап a sweep want wit copperas in his levelled—the drains which stood 3 or 31 feet Fa. 
ате among esuits :— The: омба. constable said that CrAmK told him that he used | being thus now 4 feet below the а 
«1. The БЕП produce of this : field, it will be веер, it for dyeing sawdust to sell to ion farmers as 37^ А. great deal has been done to burning the land, of 
amounted to — 34 bushels. Mr. Mour» (chief —— M : iine : bs ^n Д ае h a more particular account was given in M 
was lighten rt is usually, and weighed only 59 lbs. of eomm ting e vie frau lyon wil most likely bo. gti sported. description of Mr. del's farm at Cha 
per bushel. Mr. BARKE mt в is a very disgraceful frau es | some fe pem an even more complete burning o of the 
= A — LÉ soda and m D the great and one that 1 hope will be кке. public through ! be: дее rot surface soil has been effected ma than there, с costing 
iner tcov rel vl отырады: erro MEILEN Uis Rae c ime a doubt i ней Г e poti at p 
wW ot har of of the e pro: ofitable nature ot the 
hels per acre, and in straw an 
3 qrs. 4 lbs., upon the unmanure ed 
m 
an increase of = 
іпсгеаѕе оЁ 1 
— of the fi ad. 
is large increase was obtained with а 
n outlay whi d. № еп 
is obtained in 1850. n grain we have | 5 nount 
Б w 
2 cw 
STEAM CULTIVATION. 
expendi- DUMBLETON, NEAR EVESHAM 
ata д а и а їз P Jandscnpe 
more 
life more | leas 
outlay. Ordina: ssing of about 150 cubic 
rily 
| yards per acre, at а i cost E about 6d. or Td. per cubic 
yar 
The cultivation formerly required 16 horses, now 
10 horses are employed, by eiae there is Aere of at 
l. a year, Holland purchased Mr. Fowler's 
рх НЕ x 
utiful, of 
«3, delightfal et attractivo, dis ur westward | original apparatus i 1858. Since then he has exchanged 
so benefi slopes of the oolitic range in uc ire, From бе the improved arrangem e ollowing 
a foreground of Mie white cottages, Fern- | y himself ue dated Dec. 31, 1200,8 since which 
Chlor m of sodiu mon salt, on the fringed lanes, and over-hanging beechen woods, you 59-0 һе һаз two years’ experien 
er е land , hardly increased, "e E in grain, and | there look across а 06 and fertile vale 8 or 10 miles «Dumbleton Hall, Evesham, Dec. 31, 1860. 
slightly reduced th хүн wide, sprin with vi s, church spires, | “Although this is my third season of ploughing by steam- 
ommon salt certa 1 апа һег e edi obrem nd in the midst the power, уе ine d Nn! 8- коб y rough, ind old TM s d Ж 
or 
{ wth of м ab, and is is ther roads en mi Aet Severn a broad and ti e Speri SESO SAIT niot spri Tiy. та satisfactorily 1 
in cases er is too luxuriant, ог, as it | fri нейн а a striking fe ure in the view—the | your queries, which have reference rather to what can now be 
is called b т e ioi losing: Such Wheat | sky line on its farther side окей bv the Malverns in | done with the more perfect machinery and tackle supplied 
has a tendency to fall down before the grain i8 quite | the north, and the Mendips in the south, and through- i e E ent than to what could be accomplished under the 
ripe, especially if the season — s to be wet and | out sufficiently irregular and o make т СТЬ was only at Michaelmas last that I started one of 
tormy. ; ош: хт — A ing оё = ча дуг bed setting to so faira scene. This at any rate is the fee Ec чега ЕЕ A "eleme engines; an and d was not until 
urpose of preventing the laying о eat, and is said | ing which all brought up upon the oolite, wherever, the middle of October a а self of his 
to strengthen the straw. Tt does во, not by supplying | they ma hom its brown soils, white stones, | rew and ера con as in he disposition 9f ropes and ы 
to the Wheat plant a const & deficient in the soil one plough. 
but al mg: ys bandant development of the | will share in common dec the writer. «I have stated that I have been using a steam plough for 
haulm of Wheat : pcd eals. Dumbleton Hall, near Evesham, stands within an TS s pensons, but that ар 1o ЫШТЫР aaya O А 
“5. 1 x uvi E here'some 4 ог 5 | Gn all, from the period of my commencing) 500 pnm ds 
| hundred feet i in height, 2 possesses all the рашу of | expenses were as follows :— 
брт wt. per acre gave an increase. of 12 Майын. o of he foreg referred to—but less of Mr. Fowler's bill .. £751 19 6 
eat over ac caen on the br d Railw, way expenses (carriage) .. 32619 4 
of 9 cwt, of straw. 
6. Two cwt. of sulphate of ammonia per acr 
ve a larger —Ó ш 4 ewt: ot | 
Te 
бә. x ch seg Ж between it and the баши 
апа is not until LE EP the JE at the 
foot of which it stands, th u learn 
«nolis by e gav 
wide а | machinery, amounted ЕС 931, 78. 2d. 
£718 18 10 
My repairs during these two seasons, "e making use 
h 
-— min ammoniacal m her side. be considered as а basis on which to aleulate, wear, tear, and 
loss аг and more mineral compounds eem the| The estate stretches from t ie Nh soils upon the depreciation connected with improved steam ploughing 
2 evt. . of sulphate of ammonia. lower oo ven limestone, which here caps the hill, across E ec 
ps I — „ч re state what ave done since discarding 
Thus, the latter gave ап increase of 10 b hels of уем sands and marlstones still usi in the | my defe achinery at P Mi vol es гё last, аё which date, to 
grain ч ме ewt. of — whilst the mi dH Blog nsiderable extent of the lias | the cost P plant s already cte must be added the sum paid to 
and ammoniacal manure gave only an increase of Say M e аш utes the valley. Formerly wg pene anging шу old for improved plant 
8 нги of grain and 6 ewt. of straw, in sui os n of a dozen tenants, who went His] re гап р! — nas [o . 718 1810 
numbers." ene tl » Ki db ibly Additional sum pal о т. FOW. er on ex- 
ve ge es among E eir neigh DOUTS, Рован арас" old їо; dai gio at — 
4019 6 
Secondly, in Meri 
of the Journal of the case enfor 
when ** all the p знае 
ез» 1погеазе їп 
sal in form 
English iim Soie, 
C: ed а 
which have nowhere been more 
io of soda and | calcareous clay land districts of 
1 was E the 
that one of these 
| кет was declined үзу its former tenant on terms so low 
hem, 
а had an excellent effect upon the егор. The | o; 3 ap ire — шн self. She pro рна resolved 
apparent шейле сен он adm thing for English agriculture that, as in the case of 
Mr. Coke, or Holkham, Mr. Holland was thus driven 
thi 
t alone then produced 
, 
an rm. d 
ced by e land, it has 
IR shared леу i in the аот o prevement |g Since Michaelmas I have steam ploughed about 140 acres in 3l 
days tana many of these have been short winter ter da 
: dud 
һе influence of a bad : much of it be 
on the side of a hill of considerable inclination. Notwi 
ing these drawbacks, th erage day's ploughing, accom- 
ing to кре mounts to something 
above 45 acres; and I t think t hat, with 
ments, I am justified i in stating that (бао reme from 
field to I сап plough on an оа 5 acres of stiff land in 
а day,atad ав of -fsons age ches for а corn crop, md 
pem 8 о n o inches pad RT ughing, We 
Ed usin 
A of corn." 
aho cost of the manure in this case varied from | 
3s. worth of common nt to 2l. des Seer of |in 
олега na | 
cwt. of nitrate of soda, u хатан d жш аа s accoun unt will ha 
Since that date a large expenditure has been incurred 
in drainage, roads, зае, ачаа and good Ses 
but in the course of another year or the deme 
or Wheat (one ploughing) ES 
For Fete s чу ч the autum 100 
Spring land | (oufed i бю: 10 
idus d 
inerease of 14 bushels of Wheat, ea al. D Tid. being re 
te of soda with со: 
d being PADS d ata iih higher ri as 
the ш it of the неет n. 
lland was one SÉ Vim mad e ви : - 
end that on - free caleareous Soils | ten Sd ас has х КО 
8 this — tried wherever a 
t otherwise е: sh 
Of the results in 1860 Dr. priso erp wrote thus | sal 
in the Journal of the 
“ 1. That 13 cwt. of nitrate of абса 3 owt. | po: 
of pe gave 5 far fe dics most profitable return return of all 
the to 
*2, That guano gave а better return than 
sulphate of ammonia. F 
заза the one at the top of hils 
or connected 
, by the Cirencester experience, s hio i - 
аа-а soil of the kind just — » $ the m 
ium sppliatin that can e An кү 
threate this "төй mies 
thrown. байан: oer the young Wheat | 
er of a luxuriant | 
р. Soot, 55 - zh los long had э good | 
dressing for grain crops, did not 
in the Cirencester e aridi | Eum v turns it without trampling it, And Leine 
applied to 
delivery a& any point, and by which also the threshing, 
Turnip - pulping and chaff- cutting, & 
t | carried оп. 
The land is cultivated for the ш 
е of cropping, — - "san plough has 
rk upon the 
Extra ч үс | land всп, 100 
For Barley (one ana . 100 
— 
he - v на Ву. чих und. ; still [i 
aiite that, = a no means confine myself to four courses, 
amo unt of plo aging s and that of cultivation (scufling) ы 
vary wi 
калыш I2 Ree a day's work at steam-ploughing m 
e-m: ^ ipe .. 38. 04. 
Tho engin 2-328 
loughman =, 
e DE ML d. ME sach .. 
re ar T a r$ 
н ои а charge of i 10s. 
et 
Ду Бойы to covor the eost of 
charge acre for 
mun 
таи соя showing, 
may P m 
fore of steam is dos. 6d. ап acre, against 
be 
het ts plough and tackle are, not at 
the 
аш of the farm; T ought noie | 
-— 
