THE GARDENERS' CHRONICLE AND AGRICULTURAL GAZETTE, 
^ 
[Manca 21, 1863, 
276 
= ду ===] 
Б ааг feeding they con-|first getting out when any aftermath is read : 
bem M RR UE em 18 13 ене of Lu and|for them in July or August. They are brought in sz otíttits, 
sume T 8 o ilt ier n 16, The annual|again early in October and turned into yards, where ROYAL € OF ENGLAND, 
к уу а Ае аріес : they receive roots and straw, ae feed of му ‹ опсе MERTI -— ж 4 boss NCIL took place at tho 
ae a aL 1 NS 4 0|aday all ешын the winter. They are turned out | Society's R Най т Square, on Wedn , Mr 
Mass (uie e extra кы жш а boy sometimes re next spring, then from 16 to 18 м old. Very | Raymond Barker i in tho Chair, The subject fixed. upon 
being repaid by the C TAA E T the unusual pres has attended this management ОЁ {ог discussion was “ The Effect of Under Drainage `o 
carters at other work) .. p ыз n : the young в The keeping the calves in till 9|the Rivers and Жу, Channels of the Country» 
кан ЫП e : ЕУ Ө ДАП mantha E feeding them in yards, letting| Mr. Barney DENTON, in intro roducing the g subjèct, 
Blacksmith? .. " Хесе н лоим 0o Фон a gmi or thereibonts in od Ө 
0 oem voii > вес against the| He intended to eonfine himself to facts which ex ехрегїейсе 
Total “ hask.” and Maran "ned him were sound and deserving tho 
The bores эге worth 4. aree „Two оойа aro | Т A. Ther js ораса interesting fori DE REDE S. 
uad Ду. and ock is yrs L g ой n Flock. 
Y чем rd оо at y мее Th te ant, former] а Cotswold breeder, жан боо | 
sales being sufficient to ri the cost bs e E y iba 
expense, the es being € pay A 
eg 
general, owing to one MN Moers on п the farma | | Need his flock some 16 peas sa from well dam re 
ks in his 
nter, and а handy man in other respects, 
ke iri а which would otherwise be the | loc 
subject of tradesmen's charges. | 
Tet us now turn to the oxen :—Bought at 157. 
neighbourhood, purchasing from Mess 
ham, 
| Farncomb, Sampson, Grant and | Cooper, all of them |i 
|P 
years, by careful attention to the characteristic points | 
EM ка Бин te mes M ench; then [of the several families within the flock thus gathered | te 
йе =: E = еМ P the and „Selecting an d using rams adapted to them, there р 
0 
pable mpro se duri i 
as fad the w 
differe: ust be to their cre Т d | tury t lete the under drainage of th 
quire and maintain the | à cen! plete the und ge e co The 
mersa e opum d en б ою em by | character of tho pur bred Suse s Down, In ће earlier | айы cu ышна от, Ей, Ted att pipoa di 
^ of the flock rams from ngham, | pi de at each to be erage 1 
чыр — socios ter ыны ja йт. 2 Ellman of Еее аме LM. Sampson of [m | [bo number made nually might be t en at 490,000,00) 4 
an increase of value > ual to 407. Ane on i m Mr, Farncombe, | 1850 pi 96 wero | used in ппйдагагацре ап. acre, $30,000 acres 
е е е might be n г annum; but as 
rud imd 154 M eis бен зат ue value p xin NT Bishopston, bae Seaford rand rums euni ро | pipes wa о applied. үк айай, Eco ре 
221. or 231. in all. extent ent drainage execute ir LEN 
ey have 20 acres of атычы and the MN оС рр, Qc €— from n Mr. 1 ver blood’ C ET million "cfos woro, раното drained me У 
ое 00 асте pd Бе лан during winter end PAY from Мт. Thoe. Ellman, f edingham. Ramaof Mr. Over. | 0s ; “Я 
— P deed ths. Apparently man, of Weasenham, » Norfolk ; g^ "опе of Jonas| The first effort in the way of agricultural drainage was 
roots daily—during the spring months. Apparently Webb’s: aar м s descended from a | the raising of the surface of wet land into the form o rigo md 
еар те ны Ln expensive. But their keep would , furrow. This might be called the aboriginal mode. 
20 calves, and 20 yearlings, from 8 sheep pres by dh e Earl of Chichester, and second step was tke placing of bus under те 
А descended ме the Goodwood flock, which gained the | furrows at a depth just sufficient to conduct the waterunder 
und и than along the surface of th 
о earlings аё 10/. each, or 
Кош үп to 97. more than «б given for them would 24 үү at the Eni lisle сш еейп m. SR gi y e 
take place, producing about 1707. a year, at which expense has been incurred, 50/. for the hire of a 
ое 
for bustes s and the fourth was that taken b; 
'eansto: es i 
| 
I 
A 1 
therefore, th 1 р ram being the the не Ан Ъ tb wi | Deanst а UM Au near ob ina aa where 
he rearing of tion and goo ju nagemen о! їп кеа nown, when headopteda н 
уе estimate it in нк е TL саго i E | choosing, and rejecting sheep, the flock has acquired a | of parallel under c s en To Mr. Smith must be the 
ves is one great departimen б. arm managem characteristic pure bred Sussex | Origination of sy с drainagé, but his principles had been 
here, and its profits can be fairly stated. р proved to be fien yA many particulars. He drai o 
2 г. а | Dow clays and free soils alike, and was the first to lead the co 
Food of 20 ох zo e 01. hee have been repeatedly shown from it Е туе снуе А у анч Ды e 
m 1 3, аг! W. System oj 
gxrcusprfpreie O Ды ш and to Boya Agrio eus. а ао ЧЫГЫ PERTE k 
Harness, &c. газана 3 о о! апа the local shows; especially at the last, where able scientific . Parkes effected a great national 
^ Sussex men іча г Ей Sussex men adjudicate, а Р Беси ih. -— а з of the 2 Perm 
svi XUPVABE е озы TA 263 0 0 узе amount of success has been achieved, | РУ Mr. Smi! ut the parallel arrangem 
Deduct annual in ОМО СЫ, oo 28 9 ?|in competition with sh еер from first-class locks—those Me 29 сны 44 ito eauso loss ed derangement i ‘ai immy © 
Cost of ox labo: .. 2940 0 0 of the Duke of Richmond and of Mr. Rigden, &c. The | from Weite. 
UH 
а dm ou uit iiio use E оаа first prize also for ewe tegs was won at the Paris show 
each, and the m of other two охеп whi ы take Ж РЕА толеш flock purchased 15 or 16 years ago 
their places occasionally in the team. For 445/. 10s. 
you get the use of three teams zÄ а Е ides а Score, an E from 107. up to 40 guineas apiece. 
four шон icd three horses each. lve hors e number Fa ewes usually lambed: down in 
early much as 20 oxen. p itis plain aet re and April exceeds 400; 150 of the 
bi is qiia pl as to the quae cheapness|ewe lambs are every yeu retained, and the 
of the work done by them respecti It is. mem He of the lambs are sold early in the autumn 
in се ri 
Sus 
erally used as formerly, and Welsh to make for Bip. e tegs each year put to хее тога сро 
oxen аге not 
runts and Sh o Nord rns ges паге their place ір | Ње гаш. Тһе fleec ighs on an average 3} Ibs. 
the teams where they ar being of ot the Ser (ашу; = the fat sheep average 
We believe that the inability of; Fords and figures to | 9 stone at 18 mo 
state the case between horses and oxen arises 
It was m this juncture that the Public Moneys Drainage 
Act ed. S auct act Pear in 1 
2 d ob 
ide d laid do irt 17 о. 
845, : since which time 
tained 
Mem 
years 
ER had been to affect our river system prejudicially, which 
had been greatly increased йо, € Á(Ó— of m 
ent drain syste: 
and frequ 
out of their inability to irs аенын die effect of Һогвев! А good deal might I оа іп this , desultory Wh dehse clays too many drains could not be put in, it 
and of oxen respectively on the labourers of the farm. | account of an East Susse: RECON TG 0 
Estimated in £ s. and d., i& seems plain that oxen are of master and servant. The (ots re almost all | the land of stagnant water. Test holes décided the number 
a much cheaper power than horses ; and unless you go PS Men em old servants, many of them h "having lived | with н uU teat Tis ie ME 
n the farm itself for a number of it is puzzlin | childhood Sem i AE а stronger | operations parallelism goepHon anA зоки B 
Upo years, 10 1s puzzimg en thii one А-Ы бозы m found of test helaas “AÌ the ы Үү? could ое е 
The real e explanation we believe | шерү referred Le Wages he i EN e free soils was to set the 
as draught animals, 1 
to be in the sluggish influence of the system of ox- | in "S diee Counties— 13s. a being num 
labour o 
mber of ел ко would e pn this. р the more 
n, and tbe fewer tho p 
n the whole farm toss bid - quick- | common here as 9s. are there. Out of th tiis 1s. & Wok tr ns оа S heuer азанга] puse d. 
nuce toit of horses adds directly to the quantity | £0e8 or cottage rm To realise the effect of close parallel Сга 
and to the quality of the work done. And just as а land а nerally to „be in the hands of сау lands on the arterial аъдо өг ihe cou he 
cultivation, which makes в: averyboa run, has Tå ealth: y bodg- ofr si and the ly | must remember that the stent Е clay lands mo: 
-that in its favour when it is compared with horse- куйек of valuations on entry which. prevails is against бтаіпой and yet to be IM meh. s 
which makes men апа m much change in the tenantry. So е е it is a зет ДЕ p hei c be reed all over tho countrya efa 
Ъоуз at - least step out, will beat oxen, with a|check to matus for farms when of outfi 10 chios беер) were the fa extent drained, 
team ТА шу ор Mong de mis оГ doi ; ШЗ ЭКИИ e eee 
rticul 1 f t] half of the lands still 
1 an hour : roportion of more than о X7 8 8! еа 
femel me p, i f ing to P rti Y: Á е 
; is ae E farm. ч i ; th timated at 12,000 ey CO : 
с з MODE ponme T management in several of a a very lage ргоран да of the wet land of ше Wast of A 
Eng Wee of 
Young Stock.—Another point to which attention has important points, as (1) in the instances described of Wales, and of England and 
to be directed on this farm farm із the rearing of calves. | ће adoption and retention of local practice bya|T "The! vonian, ihe нат Саш districts 
cows аге kept, and the calves оѓ Stranger; (2) in the careful and well consi intro- this character, and the tated egets tha И 
the large cows in the milk dairies e эшк. Hastings аге | duction of d in management, e. g., Teazel Pipe depuis ex —— Eu 
purchased generally at 27. а head and reared, Те сов culture, and Of, dairy stock; (8) in the sufiered by reason of their formation aed position from i 
берш mber and October, and 30 | gradual creation brame flock b and of water beyond that which fell in the shape of r 
calves gradually brought m are reared during | judgment, “ comparatively little cost; а (4), upon them; and AM e йр ЫЙ EN d 
the ers P d 20 salve oing kept ata time. The туа he relation wbich exists between master stated tha уте. did not diminish ph Don, but reflec- 
calves fed from the bucket, receiving at first| ап ве! tion and observation of facts must dispel such a notion, = < 
i ts 
4 quarts np the new tk Ab apiece, and they pick Takinga зу to the men » E arm 16 years 
and a i 
beon cut into chaff and had a few groun їз up to manhood with him, ог tar placea 
rinkled over it. By-and-by the Oats are increased | for them elsewhere. The old foreman an 
milk diminishes an wn, which it is when | man “out of the shires,” were soon 
calf is 
10 or 12 w eeks old. Тһе cows receive| which a good master will i inspire, The Pid Ъ 
only during winter, s being писи э іп е field ав а] the county for R m— fowers, and garden frui 
they can remain do his best, sure th 
gro 
found 
рела : А т them eise а ^M under 
to a pint a day apiece, reaching the full quantity as the| him, inheriting а sort of co contemptuous mda for a| ее 
chu is withdra taaghi th 
eats 
ts. 
one 
of the 
remarks applied only 0 
me orae M 
soils. Not ot only in the som ге water through iro. 
but in the hygrometrie influenc — 
Plete повео Ё soil were differently stent, 
1 to apply the i 
read a paper иро: 
Not long ago he 
i аге поё Every oneis encouraged to Institution of Civil ineers, and aie 
"e summer. | whose good opinion is нйн ME ene is over him ; Mrs оп expressed upon the eífect of under- 
Баана Куе-ргавв, and Vetches|and nowhere, accordingly, are the чагы of | arterial system, which was that the floods were ш 
June, and July in the yards, Ee е looked after = a better affected set ЫРЫ imago fn һө varigas Н UB cf wig 
require in troughs, o тасм ood depended upon the capability of 
