492 
THE GARDENERS CHRONICLE AND AGRICULTURAL GAZETTE, 
[Mar 28, 1863, 
mposition of complex saline solutions which are | phosphat e of lime is passed thbr rough a soil, it ау | 5. битва vim 
bra through them. readily be ascertained — beg uo is phosphoric acid in . Rosa canina, vars. ; Common Уй Dog Во se, 
[Dr. Voe leker then referred to a tabulated state- | the filtered liquid. If n esh and stronger solu- t nib diea осту, ild or Harvest EO 
ment of t) tion containing phosph e aci shaken with the сй yt 
from which the following conclusions were drawn н soil through which the first solution has passed, it will у РВ peie 
1. 16 will be noticed that the liquid manure in | be hat the soil takes a fres d much |“ 10. Spires Ujuni: р B wést. 
contact th ei ег c tity of phosphoric acid сое їп ч filipe ndula ; „Field i Drop: at 
siderable quantity of ammonia, which in sor way with salts of ammonia or potash, precisely ; Geum üben on Aven 
опа ог other was taken up by this soil. The eir similar results were obtaine d. Though the Бо lubi n dos ex: soria; Do 
th 5. Agrimonia Eupatoria ; Agrimony. 
the power of abso: orbing г ammonia from liq passing through various soils are rendere d compara- 36. Sanguisorba oficinalis: Great 
эж дела even when large quantities of potash, 17. Poterium sanguisorba; False 
The amount of organic matter in the e liqui uid was 
less before than after 
of mineral matter 
in both cases in passing through the soil in 
3. Iti is worthy of noti ce that the liquid originally 
Left in contact with the | is 
soils д ХЕ from both appreciable quantities of 
t 
г filtration, whils t the иб эзи ammo 
tance were 
отта еф 
carcely any а 
рүе acid were 
they r 
orption о 
ry dilut abso 
important solüble fertilising constit tuents takes 
contained in е 
«bes Ё. 
ed p 
Tndeed if e clipe which is filtered through a soil 
of the че ore 
lace, 
ba: AM. contrasted 
— from its being the thorn bearing the fruit 
known as Haws, an whic haji 
s Hawtho orn hoar” is во conspicuous, and few 
ох "s: 
The вен point which I 
It will be seen that е Пача manure in 
with caroous c ecam = 
1 n salts of 
or mixtures of various saline combinations, m mend simply I believe because te 
s, as a rule a considerable proportion s ammonia, &e., which are 
the alkaline pie become fixed in the : soil, and lim | this ——Á 
Y passes into the filtered liquid. 
г 218 
a high deg 
ji bm comparatively insol 
s 
Thus sewage of towns in 
rtile viret 
із quit of | narily characterises to 
у 
uble. 
ше percolatin 
scarcely any of its soluble constituents in fe Ее | 
арон unds of p 
the soil. 
are ram ntly Soluble to remain 
n the large галаа of water which 
wage. 
the po ower of rendering these con- 
eaves 
wi ts beauty when 
di « From the Whitethorn the May-flower shed 
Its dewy fragrance dens his head," 
without emotion, and as а well-ggrown ornamental tree 
it has all o our | вушраќћі es. Amin, as the best plant for 
ue 
| but when it i is allowed to grow tall straggling E 
ordi- 
^ Mes better than a weed, and indeed - so fally avid 
h that at least ed of the Hawthorn hedges in the 
which of lim. iih ii ete 
liquid the ыу sol, Mn at Time passing i into the 
liquid manure was ас tually removed Sey the 
5. A striking difference g in the 
е after its passage through dé 
h the epi soil will likewise be ова - ^em 
ашны of potas zs n the filtered liquids are 
with each o 
In the first ан ВА the small MOREM. of | alkalin 
potash ] left i in the vie ends after contact w 
‚ inasmuch as it à 
Soil not on nly possess ed the power of 
Lye but also potash with even greater eee 
О other hand, on passing through the 
r its op eas 
b 
| of potash e li 
the —- trt: like mos 
ilicates, whi 
that 
изн liquid. 
| АП в 
d 
У | 
| they are pre esented t боо аһа 
hich yielded t 
iqui 
Another point of к interest is the е proportion of 
l liq ай 
nc эша К e roote 
Put bee ore мо prominent position i in which m s plant 
rs as eed In 
E 
tn h 
worth чн young Н 
soils which, vá е 
amm t much e readily soluble compounds 
| are so little 
as isol 
ss 
x Р f. pot. x 
6. In accordance with many other experiments, | 
was larger е ian in 
n the 
o quid manure 
mall amount of potash, and also soda, "del 
6 the | increasing the proportion of alkalies in the filtered | Gras 
e 
luble saline matters, however useful, are neces- = 
sary ; they may impede the dem —— - — if 
ndantly, 
ncen- 
rs to 
ч а 
T | be one of the е А of the Rd to i. Tt appen such 
into combinations 
soluble in water that in common life they 
uble, 
which 
but which аге still sufficiently 
e 
бол, Briars, Brambles ga 
h 
er The genus Pyrus offers several species 
whi E fom the large mem they grow, nj their more 
or less upright unarmed stems,.are great pests where 
they find their way into a hedgerow, as thoy not only 
prevent the Quicks from growing as they should do 
by br que them, but ыу € make weak 
plac the h through 
еа Dy 
soils. "The 
| amount | of mineral food, This beautiful power of soils 
рн eir 
CU 
| occasion, and 
prevents the 
wer of soils to absorb - wem cud 
potash, presents us with a striking 
Inditiorence rence of soils t 
soda from eso binations, 
Т. It is satisfactory to have in these — 
direct proofs of the power of soils to take up 
soni deer Mu йе mom pem The «o B poer 
iste tly insufficient to supply | m 
ояд we а. БАУ cultivate on 
made 
of ammonia, and potash, 
most m pem ш т mi 
plants, but in order to be 
must be pre esented t them 
tions, 
Soluble 
nera. 
correcte any misapplication that may be | 
tes, БН 
without question" are the 
al f 
of benefit to e they |; 
in extremely 
weak solu- 
тт. 
= 
ж 
dx 
$E 
de 
= 
EB 
the soil. 
Now if D 
arm ; е” із Банд en bern A edi soils d the plants- -must be e present in t 
power of depriving man Musee pisi hee stituent containing these ылгын soluble saline matters ы iss hom, ids tro everywhere sown by birds; 
а form applied too copiously sandy soils, and con- jungle, is seldom Without à fow thicketé "6f M 
lan 3 This Lai eh of soils to store u up. food for | tinued rain Sry during anturan, or in next spring, таска м 
| а ERI ро sen — lies to em ea Ее = eis x: va is destroyed 6, 7 Wild Ros Озез. Срег а are no greater pests in the 
ilizi E 
T x most cases иеа M sine have ge-rows than wild Roses, as their fast growth when 
eiii: тей 
manifests e in ct ways. not the po 
special. Ad oils генот ammonia, fertig matters to 
cid from liquid fertilisers | the lat т des 
ents ; on 
food is unava ilable, and consequently of 
sandy ils 
wer rr absorbing" Ad селы не x 
e sam 
On 
compared with Quicks, their larger leaves, and with 
the second form i in our list, their cli emm habit, de 
tuall 
J-P 
and tho ough the prickles on the Ros re suffi- 
e briars а 
t ciontly aee в еб аз the old stems Тай йе 
hey u caus 
ally | e а weakne: in the fence, 
rat be Nie weeded out at an early penal 
eges with different forms of wild Roses, ы which 
mime "i ч ч Е be 
eans, вц 
., Or n the: application of 
penans which lik of 
эй у, 
of phosphoric acid тачан absor 
her description о 
bed from its soluble 
cert: 
ahano 
variety of 
effected either by mechanical 
team-ploughing, ресор атнасы 
solub 
he harvest is the EM iroublesome, from ts larger 
usd more flexile ste 
8. Тһе o Blackberry. e Bramble i is as great a pest in in 
ni 
o 
combinations comete саен y sandy M in с lime is | of acting upon the ba matters in the soil che- 
: е mically and producing soluble mineral matt 
T.U ia de е чек: р рые уш ri ce than could йсй: ыбы i 
eur iE will bo yie whilst im the first sieisen p = 
from the liquid in mns gh the calcareous soil, WEED 
the e liquid in contact with the siliceous soil РЕМ " 
dissolved an appreciable q ty of soluble silica. BY JAMES BUCKMAN, F.L.S., F.G&, &C.; PROFESSOR 
It will EA e noticed that neither these soils OF BOTANY AND GEOLOGY. 
i have since experim ШОН THE 
E natural ач of МЫ; Plants now to be des- 
x 
en longer, and those of many species ча 
^ iod the ground, form new plants by rootin 
he shoots, whi 
k 
they not only sometimes take possession of the ай 
of the hedgerow, but edd outwards in, ап 
the ditches, led ie which p 
and so form 
up room, and prevents 
e grow of ре. Quis 
— only weak places, where е its old 
stem: 
йк ampant growth. Both the Roses and алые 
| аге pests in neglected places; tl idely dis — 
tribated over the world that they have come tobe - 
the pron nounced про! ; 
had the rof a е whole of | стей in their characters as weeds, belong to ће | Vere mets as SA: = ct of 
pue d potash, or poseer M M | Rosace ied forms of which, as | Adams disobedie 
manure А ce mount o be consti- | ranging around the genus have " e: is thí 
always remained | in tl e liqu iid which was left in 1 order bearing its name. Thorns е т br SAIL Ic bring forth to thee." 
contact with the soil. contai ned | ere, doubtl the term thorns was applied ini 
vov deal of ammonia б potash, it may be urged | can d be considered as weeds when Acip grow o iminately to Briars and Brambles, which take 
Е the quantity of soil — in the experiments | of iles! in which light, indeed, all plants may у ч sion of negl places in an incredibly short В 
relation to that of the liquid insufficient for the | сатра а. ис. а following list only includes those | time. If, however, these plants be considered (d 
purpose p айгы this e t | that ai weed blematie of waste ‚апа want of mile 2 
good in the case of p osphori quite certain that they cannot be tained, эу 
ко phosphoric em mig LIST OF NATIVE ROSACEOUS WEED PLANTS. apposite amor dd А, jodolwialy atdi 
t through the | @. TREES :— 9. The berry in hedgerows is objec a 
is the is whether ~ vom 1. Crat oxyacantha; Whitethorn. from its large leaves, upright wth, and mostly un- 
it phosphoric acid -4 Pyrus Cere Асы 1 " armed stems, so that while во the [3 
EE a еы, a mdp or ay marin any ТА E |16 cannot even boast of a repellant armature. + 
darum | 5. ; Sloe, or Blackthorn. 10. The Common Meadow Sweet of our. юе 
