684 
THE GARDENERS' CHRONICLE AND AGRICULTURAL GAZETTE. 
[Jvzy 4, 1863, 
gena: " INS then lg arable culture of it 
ы or о із unnecessary. Dr. VoELCKER'S 
us. other P dé before the English 
cultural БЕ — illustrated the 
and for 
which have tended to Grass-land deterioration over 
tracts of land arge. f act 
experiment on this subject we have no better 
instances than those which Dr. R also 
quoted, to be seen with all the curious and definite 
results ас nying it at amsted, where 
dressi f ammoniacal manures have been fol- 
lowed by an рога growth of Grasses, and 
dressings d bone-dus DUM res hav 
tended to s quest ч Clovers; and speei 
вре 
id of various. kinds have тев sulte d in ап 
mprovement of | un 
i in 
the soil The rap should be eaten off] 
отчета, for ear two, and Ње 
land should SOT a dressing of dard 
earth Я 
еат. 
pinch will та them. , Parasites no doubt 
under, and we may t to them fi t 
[Mr. vidas aem a very much t 
of this fly.] 
1 k 
sae ravages 
SEWAGE OF TOWNS, 
Isrz that Dr. Thudichum, in his paper read before 
ка Socieby of Arts, making allowance daily and 
ual visitors, and for the rapid increase of the popu. 
lation of the metropolis, reckoned ma hu 
i: equal to those of about 
males akes t 
inte 
end on pono 
rtt v ing 
th h i 
ound numbers, three million individuals о both 
sexes .and all ages, this brings the value of the 
rine per head of the actual population, according 
to Dr. Thudichum's data, to two-third s, ог 
lich 
б bod ар is exactly the value put upon in 
the т 
mi ixed excre eta (ine cluding fæces) of 
1s 
y dust, and close riv ng, or pare 
and burn and breek i , taking Turnips, Beans, 
ürzels, and i 3) fupcsgai o crops, and th 
relay the land vith suliable Grass seeds, followi 
with the карлар өреп, whic Mr. н. S. THOMPSON 
described se rs ago in the Journal of the 
| English A dens Society as the result of his 
ч өн ire 
чын that whatever а man want Let gro fi 
his Grass field he may get by the mo 4. А whi 
he treats the land with dressings of шап чн мне Б са edet ам, GE РА носа 
in fact pastures are as amenable to emp аз grey Ду (ASA Y Feliciter rg ima ber p of the 
plo ughla — Attacking the leaf of tbe young {Маре Ут! зн, 
lf а man mows his в poor wet ` pasture RT The following is is Мт. Doris deco them i in the English 
year, and harif Teda it at all—and unfor-| Agricultural Society's Journ 
tunately in this we are not supposin unus Іт і is Су supposed bat animals -— related 
ease—he will very soon find it full of Yellow Rattle, | to e ould not 
5, 
;| Te revel i p "the decaying stems: of „Саћђарев, 1 the bulbs of 
| be very unlike in their habits of life, but nai is not 
2 ages, by м А» and myself, Taking this сз 
from which Dr. Thudichum would obviously no dee ely 
differ, and reckoning that. th b e are 80 tons o 
per 
ium 
| at more an 
anr for 
d some at erii this would ge 1d. wi ton 
A ma ters ү K^. 
| tains, taking t io ан e would eommaud in 
the market if in У pod iod of a conce eee Lim 
and portable manure, D as guano, bu Á 
of course add more or less to the value 
but "hei value bearsjbut а small ies M to that of 
Ae in the discussion, Mr. Al de: 
"e ipe 8 data as bear 
r he ad p 
erman Mechi claimed 
ring =” bi own estimate 
,16s. num, as n byh im i е 
Dae 
always the case amongst insects, in their lar 
| | pecia, and the genus of flies called Anthomyia i isa 
emarkable example of such a diversity. аг 
pest 
which bear so 
they w 
É 
nsidered а the ‚ваше ee yet 
| "s tinte] И АРК it will k 
of fac 
only 2з. e ph 
e Farm b, 
per 
m f thes ese maggo 
uce wit growing wu: dits ded xd 
[on еы of that g gen ntleman, Now, І find by refer- 
f the Parliamentary Committee, 
process is any shorter 
мачи аы till the e pasture is perfectly natural and | 
Yo ou may drain the land and bre ak it u 
e | sen have d ws 
TS, 
two skins of the leaves, feeding upon the 
ence to tho eport o 
de d es said about 25. per head wa аз, tha t, 
st naturalists Wis name of 
anfo 
the Е: e yielded, reckoned ка! to Ше 
, was *^abou ? But when 
ind nurse the young "Grass. until it has etn Ib 
conomv 
nge 
ҮСӘ sketch of i my 
rought to me from Surrey on 
TE he maggots were 
A fuush 
Mr. Mechi 
B this estimate 
of produce 
and of a yielding now bur "ebur only 
whieh you wish that it should co 
We have X — Spine con- | 
Mort E Grass land into ara єп on 
June 26, 
des "en в еы of the leaves, the 
ie: 
pupa in sitú, as you may see 
oes d hatched July 17 and 20 dom Frogly told 
the ey had we m M pat, where wg 
fom. I fou эй г Beet ked i 
resu 
the # 7s. 
ixed Му шм 50 to 10 bd P 
ater) t sane fairly comparable. with his own 
theoretical estimat of 1 And, as the data of Dr. 
З ichum, bore d T ‘Lawes and отыш girn by 
г. Lawes in his кр before the Society, mh 
со! 
т, but Lr Qu 
the. blicters pss the finger and thumb, 
^ | attacki ing them in that he v а 
пріо, а воше у t pinch | 
lat 
-e * air, an er ө oe rather 24 burn т 
the heaps; and the “ashes” will be | 
black, e the heaps tliomselves, while the fibro 
nc a Dai ә contents АШ роу крт 
of the 
p with еа soil, Sill at th e pue dmi exhibit 
d 
Im mark, that thë: pns are very similar to 
those oF [^ Turnip; like them they change to an oyal 
brown pupa, and from them issues а fly whi 
ch exceed- 
is br 
аз I cannot аби they 
у looks at 
ith me in асс, that 
jer 68, Sd. than 16s. per head 
to 
the evidence he will а. 
that value is much nea 
per annum 
K "EU 
the same species, I must distinguish them by 
naming the former, and shall call it after the Beet or 
Mange el Wurzel, 
dior, ee p уе the Soil, c even an entir 
ipat e organic ma ithin it. 
On the Whitfield m near Tortworth, 
РРА, for the most part a light 
was Del under with t 
plough. On the Жозе — 
grown the first 
buted by 
m actual val 
ther; and echi 99 uM very blo 
. Betm. Тһе males only are known esent : mno ; i ; 
poken of a case (that of Croydon) іп which the in 
lat are ichs: smaller than the Onion. dy Vd only | creased rental zi the app i ; of sewage терге- 
23 гел epis Laeguc fart 5 lines: they are sented onl 1d. for each individual of the population, 
em ауну vith black hri *as a vel accessi successful. instance 
rs large, «убы nearly | and evidi of the yalue of town sewage.” In the 
white, WE e "om ed Tine early part of my remarks I have shown that, according 
orn e al iddle in th t f hich Пе | to the data of, Dr. hum, and of Mr, Lawes 
d ДА ‚1 et re of 3 44 ла зона the ang шу the theoretical value of a ton of the 
ooping e Joint being Шеј ayer; ge sewage of London is about 1 as its 
the pr rotruded 1 lip and „palpi are also black : 
= gest, elliptical and producing a naked bristle on Fr is 
ck ; 
sual pe oporti 
"e eep and сві жей 
we та, to tua. for the maintenance o 
year greed, ме ому, - y should think 1 € yen skins | 
| i yery 
" телне tin 
abdom. linear, vith а dul Daek |f 
, 9 
evidence at К 
total 
6-jointed is 
| I spot at the base of 4 of th. 
ures are piteby; poisers 
much йты? 
d. $ uu іо, "bristiy, and pitchy, the 
will uin cause any loss to the 
should a ever "abound to any 
ai in y rm 
he leaves a vd given 
um р муы 
wining о e pne masgot of differe nt species of flies to a 
large à d the only 
remedy is to nip them in 
the leaf, for der are во delicate that а 
Hi T 
"zu 
not | del: 
ды expense (by outla 
| pipes over the бш, „апа the cost of actual distribution 
ides, 
It certainly does 
very slight ( 
CIL 
who are really Ace а De 
t them 188, are the nprehensive ге r 
р а the estimates founded upon them 
are, so far emember, the only ones in which 
d by|the questions of the sex and age of a mixed popu- - 
p ti ave duly hee uie in Eee the 
tal matt 
But the theoretical value of the constituents contri- 
capital, or increased ^ 
as the case may ("ud bad to e bre futi 4 down 
