БЕРТЕМВЕВ 5; 1868.] THE GARDENERS CHRONICLE AND AGRICULTURAL GAZETTE, 851 
ДА fi „л ru tches of culti и d па £ 
s eig a " АҢ e er patches of cultiva n grouti E os d. £ s d.|proofs which he has read 
Мер a of воше 250 а Rocks, ber ео o S; valued over from the Ani ЧИ А ЭЁ draináge ' which he has ШЙ useful, We know that 
Dem pite, іна мама and ge [n sur- oth produce of the farm 1% 18 0 w thag 
rounding and encroaching upon the patches under a ——— 85818 0|have been owing tò the alterati 
КО fan у — sed wn Leaving a balance to meet Turnips ——— | followed in “үнө whole get "y sitione which gun ter 
þaltstarved cows with their rene sc a slieep id d of n ия 4 oo|sustains to the soil апа to the plant. Whe 
from the hill distriets would b wintered the | But the 10 farm horses had been summer not only a stagnant uselessness bu аре b ks 
Turnips grown. This would e tlie ment production, of dpa the Grass fields, say at 6l. timc вау breeding poisons within the substanco of he 
ita С. 
е farm. A T и cks ий Oat And had a Turnip feed "during. winter, and occasioning loss ,9t heat from its iii 
was when the "place W&aS| апа some hay in spring, вау 3L each. 30 0 0 
managed by that. апей figo urite, ei natale Aawan.-azs) gig 0 les below both soil & and, subsoil and ese a — 
great obstructive to bol Бане, ©“ а real practical "mE. ЭБ zn m by its weight—it acts the part not onl 
farmer. Things were changed when it fell into $he "geo "ANS pri od Griss aid xs La y prepare but 1 a carrier qq food itio the eel ed 1 
occupancy of the present tenant, who — p ar Turnip breaks of the farm. e time carries not only food but С to ilio 
от са 
findin 
d T н 
со-орегаїей with him in a spirit of iba fairness, | V? pec the adita NM Whereas moreover it was formerly a hindrancé to 
which we would be glad to see Jahgely im imitated. The #675, eus Grass в. 1 930 0 0 tillage pedes ons—not on ng A iraa Lr mr 
land was let on a 19369 '1еазе at а fair agrlónltüral 48, дой в Grass, at 8L . 120 0 0 ui Я E | but mE them really m ough i& 
1 it then 18у. Thei round has been g 
нех z it then 18у. The rum expense = aen Thes E mw т 9 m СГ of cour от о also co n 5 B ] ug» dvisable to Pw and t dl "the жы when 
the landlord Lodi one-half share, the — the other, | 8000, and cattle ажепсапсе require e serv 008 :0 2 pm of the purpose they serve. 16 reall 
The teni the valie of this proved. lénd, | fhree men during tho winter, montbs But this is 59 | is the true tiller of the при аера 220 
duri te сштеу of the leas cm өсү; val 1 ble st ed «| peni. „crushing would be merely- 
liture he landlord's Ionen "e e Mere at h неад нд clods i їп nto the t te lt 
the expiration of the present lease, when of course а would be inclined to throw in к ке with it "ihe this wa: е роо 
i il М salit; This T charge that. might, appear dy ме. - Ane оп the|and asit and f es he |plants—that Erde lias 
8 р lit with benefit alike to | "* On 6001, in produced (aes > аза Iwhich the practical farme? 
landlord апа tenant, and to the labouring class by at 5 per cent. Р Ё mort Le 
whom the trenching and oth rk is performed, and 1007. g stock fór Half á year .. — .. 1710 0 i 
ll add 
„ 
sk h b 
Y nii А i ók | which Ha кнын P» been hia He eon ell Bec Я 
additional acre ol e improved 1апа of our island's пас TE pe СА, dug narrow l4 cx 4 [o eo апа placing d 
addi follower e 
little in e from m to year. Its tendency is|thel рр: iad: mda piep oia toen = сно 
esult of this co-operation a farm | rather to increase, of us e, I covered the whole 
a e in fact all its — His 9 ia k the above € of uet shows—1st, | that э > аз {акеп out. I dug EE Syene 
. been brought e н — The old buildiigs have | that live stock does p and 2d, caleulating the | apart, dbi down the slope, taking that the 
suit the new plans. Fornip prüdgea at 20 tone 4. acre, outfall should enable the eas n duly outlet of 
did no& exceed, that 8s. per ton is gor feeding =} илик т (а 
ll li са ПАБ ted by a full staff of value, 8. perhaps tell you; “1 р such chaunels 2 
efficient irem d a ч e of active Horses: А feet А9 T Hic rch apart,and puta straw rope on à 
ТЬ is farmed on that 5-course shift so general ON LAND DRAINAGE. ier thorns along the bottom of them, and filled them 
throughout Scòtland, viz. :—1, Та пт) 2, Barle ey; 3, Tue RECAPITULATION OF A LECTURE. lightly in t 
sown Grass; 4, pasture Grass; 5, Оа А SHORT general review of what has знн already | охеп on Чо а к оша framework on porem 
With the corn Bproduetion we do not at present|sdid is the more necessary when stepping from the g 
urpose to deal. Where large root crops are DL region of general considerations, general laws, and lI 
od corn erops will Б аз а hecessary consequenee. theory, ор to the field of actual practice. You ask a | some 20 ог 24 inches belan the 7 e Т securing 
Perhaps the usual formula of roots as repari iy to m man who has drained his wet clay fields what 
corn may now y chang May we not rather have followed the operation. He tells you that he has | subsoil at that depth left behind it. Or he ell 
ву mineral theory of Liebig notwithstanding), | crops of Wheat and of other grain | Y am «Т dug еа, 30 inches AM ánd filled. e m 
that good corn crops are necessary for the production of жай he ever һай before, by 6 ge m N even 90|up with small stones to within 15 or 18 inches of the 
the s qnid manure for root crops büs hels per acre in the return, by о 50з. per E. mu e. He will tell jo is мү these channels 
e area producing cattle food for crop 1862, was ; that he y iub. heavier crops 0 of| right LT the Aona; or he may say, “I put em 
year's s Gra acres; second year's Grass, 43 Clover, Vetches, and other е: lan thát h He may even tell you, “ I got 
e 
ad к put up all this good b deep enougb, меч 
rnip now grow root crops where for ser he. 
sed to gro ops, they | only tw r three dug deep созі Which cleared all 
DR 
AT a 
De end stock keeping orte eis MeLennan | with. Dare d or if АТ 
is to a herd of fa fairly, haps 3-fourths | ar r Ls 
e \ Vorne 1 
orn bree uM ` Thus x a - calves are 
c 
wr 
kha 
п 
dme oe а 
clay waa потег ПЕРИГЕ E 
и : н dó you асс би [ч 
s пей experience t « Well!" he will tell as to the |a ho Ets 
o Ж та nths, ia venti of the. produce, I find mA y: sso a WE 
iun uf, зану, тону снага. | іреп tog |; le Ма De ma no Чо аё а collection о f. йй instanoem 
Afte уз а pipes s | stag that | cou which results Ag А müeantime во 
arious. 
, , " led beloro the pee hat y goo {= follo 
bruised corn and it before, is yet е ы between а soil in which а is stagnanib 
spring in first-rate condition for; grazing. Fifty to Me j got. in more edsily and at less expense. І find to sg and one where water has the chance given it anyhow 
head of 2.year ol le, crosses between Short-horn | theroot crops сап be e" d off ТҮҮ їп] агу, adi if | to move e wnward through the вой 1з so great tha& 
bulls an fo ry cows, are bought in їй the autumn ; | ready early enoupl that they e folded to a mue н | however imperfect the means of outlet given n the 
w ips have made good | e year t| н ibl pem o- | increase of fertility vill be very great so long as tlie 
bulbs, ar tied up in stalls for winter feeding, which, fore, sed Totis s folding al тиби winter has now | All these plans of drainage kave ins an outlet 
ure dually | becom. where sni it would have been | and удопвсдшез motion 2 stagnant water, and hence 
groas they ave all со 
cake. There is also used som hay, thi ‹ nferred depends on the ie of tho 
produce of the larger portion ori the rediit of first — delayed the cultivation of the whole of it, an bsoil which the passage 
i ү iouslv thrashed for | though m uch öf it жаз bos І find the given to the water, and on the strength, vmi position, 
i ia! b 
бен & 
supplemented by bruised corn, chiefly the light corn vr ин ре, 
grown and for s Е mp by oil- . The cultivation 600 is їйоге easily accomplished. | „ he Do eS the permanence of 
h 
tta th 
ho 
its seed. Th t feeding is that by the | youn Whea ig not in 
бый of Apri E bond sd of cattle in Н thrivi ing con е кеи би by the a x ty ав to the rest | of my uM ME iia taa mod ж еч 
dition for the grazier, and for the and I find that I n ї drainag 
butcher, are ready for sale. Aud t a" чан v with | "ue till cu or even later  pefore eross-ploughi ing. | bh will listen to A 
attraction for his brother farmers and for butchers find I need not be i about keeping the sur- | ptos Tuy 7 к-к, ү State the prin cepe on 
I 
. MeLeiinati, itistead of havin before him the wea = e fürrows беед à 
d le 4 ош) rend in cross ploughing на tilling before winter, and I 
rfac i 
k local 
cattle markets, or being obliged to entrust them to the | leave it во j witho any sur rains whate Andi n 
eds. salesmen in sou iti а 
m 
no càusa 
t advan- | which all drainage depends. 
being the weight о the water to be pl are 
therefore, when e drains are deepest— ud oy "la 
difficulties, tho narrowness of the 
5 the place of poaching when it is bd: if 
tion by publie auction ; and we always find = paste of stiff, unkind, айа unctuous Жүзү as it used | through w which the water has to find its way, the m e 
where a 106 of good сае. Dn d P at suci ô dó, I either find it unnecessary to plough it at | friction. through these шм, bei e ^ oné class of 
Fed Lu. as this, a good а of банан | all in spring—or if I do more than merely stir the | difficultie ев, тек in clays than іп sands and gravels $ 
cted, nd bi LG reli full value of вао surface, I find the land turns over so far me ed | а the t being included in. the = сарШагу. 
pA : fe шел, that it is comparatively easy to secure rhich, ° the whole mass of. ариг d 
it for a seed bed. I attribute 
e sale ri t Ainai ve " 1f you pr lier he will tell you r r less н Fs 
за and ОНИ М. Ди бж wè соме SE €—— De € - MU avs dme w—" QE ce 
résul secüré the proper seed time Ww e ^ „о traversing the passages 
The roll of sale, afte éultivates requires — that he vue finds — к. E T — = more | y cmn эстра 
to represent 4 Tionths" credit, = tbe expense £ а |differenees between a wet нерее 6 d а dry опе вого wi h passages аге small, and 
E advertit Yuneb, &c., amounted to . * 190519 0|enormous as they used to be—that his n does not | clays жге these Lee - dio td dt dinis 
poop eT m ра бв poach so much ih web Md dn "er do bis crops so seeking. а, арч 
the Tig drawn from the cows after £4 d. readily emer, He — And further y 
. the cal duy den "m 0 0 here perhaps he has n clear 
Rupe m2 aA i o0 60 uo 6 |t "алено Банев the two, he will tll y E 
| 6 ?|on his rained fields he finds that neither епо" ш the 1 
um ieding ^— 07 and Tios so 1o sli t Tee ed Ер sodali Land т drains nre too far apart 88 
" e ing о fogs со SET — to is іш tly drained, owing to the water 
wa mim .. 009 1 а healthier hier and better state di аан near the surface there. Hr 
hi ig 
s Daai a 5.9 Һе presum 
Кетен. Mic oar e 10.0 tings for the plants inh: j mire outside Giatterbuck, of Long Witenbarm, w o has made 
