852 
THE GARDENERS' GHBONICLB AND AGRICULTURAL GAZETTE, 
[$пРтЕмввв 5, 1863, 
subject his especial study, thus | jf 1850 
жеч is Der i pr robabilty, gus 
h the Lancashire of 1863, and | to sa Say 
e difference of those; 13 years is not, i in all 
those coni condi. 
"wy. у agri. 
| perhaps, that — experience, or 
tions, which p reva ail in s of the сы 
Оп ө other pet 
precedi: ing. 
there any 
We mes I say, 20 years ago, from a 
w level, but ri - confine ourselves to dE although somen hat ami кен 
tha 
ALT. pes of 
5 We have 
uld be depres- | t 
m pools, the € du MN ноб 
> But, 
prag rate; 
|an еи р ipee and defe for al 
duce class of landlord 
have bos n Ded cin do the general pros 
district, and who are recruited—a nd I for 
; We h 
inds of pro. 2 
I am 
of that kind ofi арк ovement which 
place a portion of the soi not pay—in the utilisa sation of sewage, 
The practice of ridging land is but to 
етт 
Shows itself fu 
il above the subterranean күч which may or may 
above ground at eve ary, forrow b wet w ather. in the 
ounty as it is, 
s, where capital has ае tende d 
arm 
experiences in passing au = preference into the town; and 
nta 
water 
to this voe we require to put drains so near 
another a e do. But I also иней: to the dimo 
hich also are gre: = moment n 
y w. 
in the case of chy: soils hero the Lam and p 
are the € 
x hand that to put drains down | 
NS it might ы, orina "iain р 
n will see Only 
drove thr rou 
rode gh a 
district. I saw there the most interesting country. 
ot аге а gar 
tate in which it ought to pedo men. 
a kich knox what th 
lasi gI 
vq pat. of z^ Fylde t ied. точ to the 
be e sig 
fi n 
e that they a w me 
from the towns, bringing with them busi 
perience and handy active habits wh 
1 pea what dag] ise: done, and 
at they can do. I believe; rF 
is comparatively n Ri infane 
hall 
saw 
rger е1 
whose а had lived upon their land from time 
immemorial. Isaw С аы with — ils 
houses ims beyond the ЕЕ standard Я 
ies by han 
b: nic 
а neatne К! бауу ever à ere re tho е signs of band vi 
к: 1f} 
th n 
v 
"e of the s [D y ool € eon гавно огу; but 
drains, | èt it with the үе 
?|вау the ріс SO pleasin 
ry finely divided material, ва standing on е: land. after little тай; I Saw 
v lift or hold the water higher rushes go luxuriant t 
n one came to eem 
cd tme e ын proni: reformer, I cannot 
For I saw water | 
ioi 
immediately above them will, in spite of these 
lift s water above their level. 
e lan ~ b 
п 
crops of | 
with w hich 
tended to veh you. оп 
н тае of which I E say reed now. Tin other 
re general employment of үст. wh 
ld hot; t pass over without опе wo ord. Already, in every 
+ 
the staple crop of the soil ; I saw fields—so small that 
pen vi а nd th TE most of them were ov orshado wed by the hedgerow | 
timber ; and I saw large t 
is stronger than ofa racts of fair, good land, 
1 waste b 
EX 
1 Very ra rapidly the reaping machine an 
mowing machine are cg eia scythe ud h 
sickle. The e next gre sd is taken 
soil than in a geds to bo deo sand, in 
a wm nem of чеш land. If 
out of the 
о produc 
you md this = theory 
wo ne of soils o 
8 deeper ish. rh irs fea 
in su E oai would w EL more efficient, „ог во as 
nfer from it that the deeper th 
ot d 
and 
the occupiers had not been able to unite among them- 
selves so as to s t r drainage outfall 
to carry o г in time of flood. No doubt 
there are many exception e: but per 
d ther 
І һау 
But I think th 
e 
а ve 
Esp "E 
was 
Struck wit Imention repo it confirmed | 
the belief I have always а as to eux immense | 
benefit of pon the wo 
erha: aps s it would it t 
= 
занен =н be the ric introduction of. рош : 
ing by steam. Now, it may be asked, * И 
тиген 
the masters eye u k, 
| presence о! of the landlord а 
not go into: but I hav 
th 
T Pob eu 
tor tai 
deep d челик clay fw ry were those oF h caster, y whieh 
cesses aud len we Өй of failures of y fee 
a 
clay soils, we shall be 1 і. is 
Б ой уш eei greater 
| progress had do 2ean to flatter you 
ifr fe to uber а ит I say that I беа 
спи of the circum d no part of „the e county in which gre: eater progress has 
latter ка the exceptional pie к. 
ofthe case ог of the na 
as 
а хунй, not by their uio а580- 
ciate togethe to "obta tain implements of that kind, 
they will probably find that they are S зе well repaid _ 
for their outlay. Now, I do not wa a 
rash, or m hasty, or any pronta pee 
atter. We шу" not and ha ave ot that Д 
machine which w 
. | But have l large tracts of moss land unr 
канй 
andin | 
h cannot bs soia 
Ё 
уе still 
claimed ; we stil E Ar e which only 
rouges. nd ca ender 
teri 
them valuable for pos- | 
he —— te vec mechan 
ibd. 
ibo б been too unequal to be long е б 
сл Strueture which wi EE 
y that those will be the wisest who, observing bet : 
take warn- 
вор 
There is one consideration w orth noting in i rper 
with 
jo speaking, ы: ina eri use of Банева 
of the warning which I gave you not to ги wo Б %. ре 
Bi vu for farmi 
exp of t 
clay than the ca 
ion which qualifies such an inference is that 
a a thinner pee of active soil above the level. at whi ch 
запа 
d in d vicin inily. of to 
more food for eden than a low 
ntain 
> Soil, or fr om the Linge which stand 
on 16, an 
н in time and take саге not to be left behind Lio 
$ 
— 
THE DECREASE OF THE AORCUUTUML 
н 1851- 
- | [The following 1 is „ап abstract о! а рарег г Ж by Mr. Purdy 
e British 
Mr. 
* That, notwithstanding t the pros 
ay. 
Шү 9 23 of 
а cl 
great sand со: 
alone 
enre; io th k th 
perit 
E 
10у 
h 
| cerned in наа ге as they would be itit it were other- 
z Si. Partly, Mam we must allow e сеси the 
| unequal growth of the trading and th nufaetu d 
ed the 
has very gene en urn 
attention of active and 
capital away from the 
towns, or the уе been tempted th 
between the agricultural x 
very пай UH 
of drains i E RE dre 
h © in a clay soil- in in 
d э E given thi ған d 
i анау dm ү That is d 
and th 
but I am 
een 
1 
[© 
enterprising men with - little | 
farming districts and into the | 24 
e E. cen! 
e т Decet profits. | 
afraid they forget there | 
agricultural and manufac- | c 
PURDY said,— 
which. bad sttended English EA at the last 
found that the only c es which be] 
decreased in pop ат were Yi rin tud ones 
мес ас Norfolk, Suffolk, Wilts, and Rutland. To 
exhibit creas 1 the 
ew е rank, Ж ; 
per cent, are re employed; ; and gi 
counties of Бн: st ranke where less than 10 per cent. E 
ge turing risk: 
xs "be all th 
hive jen s considerably hampered ith th 
„Bet een des s * б the first е 
ш old sy of life leas t that " 
E 
5 ot Y 
нцы d say айй юк g c cm cause it has bee 
since e ries We all understand howi it ; drains 
enant of h capital—the only kind 
ably an 
ighter soils in order to the pro- 
vision of a given nutritive value (so to speak) of dry 
long 
and permeable soil in both. ne 
Ls nem ; andthe nd section, 3,425,000, or 73 рег! 
, 
" 
1 was stated that in 1831 the po opulation w was ргейу 
oes proi ii 
lord all interest in his 
їз ex оа 
nd- 
a | 
ü 4.2, nnd 4. T Та 1861, how- 
бт! 
te of ш td 
ever, in conse seque 
orehend 
of e uneg 
these ratios became 6.1, 5.9, Reus 2H ^ 1851 
t in Eugland and 
Чеге 27 ев 
very many of к old 
А still ў ы, утен е 
late Sir Robert Peel|are 
undoubt 5 ds obstacie to improvement. bee 
etter which has since | t бов оп {һе whole, what is is our pos ition | 
otes have | 
ey wi remain, they | 18 
ie 
61 os e elsss had fall 
shows 
d 
3 per eese in the 19 узе. The greatest 
1: 
- |a вой which, though it has the immense 
of b e free from drought, is, for the 
| stiff— P E BT but requirin 
ly | ie. holdi 
ork good deal о! 
ET e 
vantages | 
рр кз da атар, 
place in 
EE 
ы ман in 
