CONTENTS. 23 
couver.—Olympia.—Mr. Gibbs descends the Columbia.— Baker's Bay.—Shoalwater Bay.—Oysters.—Willopah River. — 
Governor Stevens visits Vancouver's Island.—Port Townsend.—Straits of Fuca —Neeah Bay.—Lieut. Arnold and Dr. 
Suckley reach Olympia —Summary of Lieut. Arnold's trip.—Ascends the Columbia to the mouth of Clark's Fork.— 
Kettle Falls. —The Great Plain.—The Spokane.—The Great Couleé.—The Yakima —Snake River.—The Fathers of the 
Lower Pend 4" Оге Ше Missi d Dr. Suckley.—-Dr. Suckley d ds the Bitter Root i --Ignatius Mission.—- Arrives 
at Fort Colville.—Reaches Vancouver.—His collection of specimens of Natural History and Geology. —Capt. McClellan's 
trip.—Leaves Olympia іп a canoe —Arrives at Steilacoom.—Snohomish River —Returns to Olympia.—Mr. Tinkham's 
trip.—Leaves the Jocko River.—Arrives at Fort Benton.—Fords the Missouri.—Prickly Pear Creek —Little Blackfoot and 
Hell Gate Rivers.—Crosses Bitter Root Range.—Description of the route explored.—Clear Water Valley.—Reaches Walla- 
Walla.—Receives instructions from Governor Stevens.—Ascends the Columbia to mouth of the Yakima.—Ascends the 
Yakima.—Kle-allum Lake.—Pays great attention to the measurement and examination of the snow.—Descends the 
Western slopes of the Yakima Pass.—Nook-noo River.—Ranger's Prairie.—Falls of the Snoqualmoo.—Reaches Seattle. 
CHAPTER IX. 
Trips of Lieutenants Mullan, Grover, and of Mr. Doty. 
Lieutenant Mullan’s trip.—Ascends the Bitter Root to its source.—Quantity of snow.—Crosses Dividing Ridge.—Returns 
to Cantonment Stevens.—Reaches Fort Hall.—Description of Bitter Root Valley.—Delightful climate.—Reaches 
Ross Hole Prairie.—Ascends Big Hole Mountain.—Strikes a branch of Wisdom River.—Crosses Big Hole Prairie.— 
Crosses again the Rocky Mountains.—Mountain Sheep.—Medicine Lodge Creek.—Kamas Prairie Creek.—Market 
Lake.—Descends Snake River.—Arrives at Fort Hall.—Starts northward —Follows High Bank Creek.—Hooked Man's 
Creek.—Valley of Jefferson’s Fork.—Favorite Indian hunting ground.—Reaches again Wisdom River.—Its valley.— 
Deer Lodge.—Follows the Hell Gate.—Conical Mound.—Hot Springs—Reaches Fort Owen.—Lieutenant Grover's 
trip.—Leaves Fort Benton — Great Falls of the Missouri.—Surveys the Missouri to the mouth of Milk River.—Bluffs of 
the Bear's Paw Range.— Citadel Rock.—Mauvaises Terres.—Important data.—Lieutenant Saxton descends the Missouri 
from Fort Benton to Leavenworth. — Lieutenant Grover leaves Fort Benton.—Reaches Cadotte's Pass.—Crosses Dividing 
Ridge.—Proceeds down Big Blackfoot River.—Passes Hell Gate Defile.—Leaves Fort Owen.—Pend d'Oreille and Coeur 
d'Aléne Lakes.—Arrives at Walla-Walla —Governor Stevens leaves for Washington.—Lieutenant Mullan starts from 
Cantonment Stevens for Fort Benton.— Crosses the Missouri on the ice.—Reaches Fort Benton.—Follows the route to 
Sun River.—Valley of the Little Prickly Pear Creek.—Crosses the mountains, —Follows the valleys of the Little Black- 
foot and the Hell Gate.—Reaches Cantonment Stevens.—Remarks of Mr. Doty on the same route.—Governor Stevens 
leaves New York.—Reaches Olympia.—Meets Lieutenant Mullan and Mr. Doty.—Higgins sent from the Dalles to Can- 
tonment Stevens.—Summary of Lieutenant Mullan’s and Mr. Doty's labors.—Lieutenant Mullan explores Flathead 
River and Clark's Fork.—Kamas Prairie.—Hot Spring Creek.—Flathead Lake.— Crosses Maple River.—Kootenay and 
Tobacco Rivers.—Ascends the latter to its source.— Falls of Tobacco River.—Headwaters of Hot Spring Creek.— 
Enters again Kamas Prairie.—Arrives at Cantonment Stevens.—Leaves again Bitter Root Valley.—Lou-Lou Fork.— 
Hot Spring, 132°.—Follows the route pursued by Lewis and Clark in 1805.—Kooskooskia River.—Enters the great plain 
of the Columbia.—Reaches Snake River.—Alpahwah Creek.—Crosses branches of the Tukanon and Touchet.—Meets Mr. 
Doty at Walla-Walla.—Reaches the Dalles, where his party is discharged.—Importance of the services rendered by 
Lieutenant Mullan and his party.—Incidents connected with his post in the Bitter Root Valley. —Erects four log buiid- 
ings.—His judicious intercourse with the Indians.—Their regret at his departure.—Great privations endured by his 
party.— Valuable contributions furnished by Lieutenant Mullan to the existing knowledge of the country. 
CHAPTER X. 
Summary of explorations made by Mr. Doty and Lieutenant Arnold. 
Mr. Doty leaves Fort Benton.— Great Falls of the Missouri.—Sun River.—The Rattlers.—Follows the course of = — 
Headwaters of the Teton.—Kayiyou, or Southern Branch of Marias River.—Cut Bank River. —Headwaters < Milk River.— 
Chief Mountain Lake.—Bow Lake.—Both lakes filled with beaver. —Abundance of game.—Mo-ka-un — — 
latitude 499 30’.—Retraces his route to Marias River.—Moves towards Fort Benton through Teton T И 
Breast Hill.— Arrives at Fort Bentou,— General Results.—Mr. Doty's trip to the Bitter Root Valley.—Lewis and Санг 
