CHAPTER VII. 
BITTER ROOT RIVER TO FORT WALLA-WALLA. 
GOVERNOR STEVENS STARTS WITH A SMALL PARTY.—MEETS Mr. LANDER.—PARTY OF NEZ PERCÉS.—INEXHAUSTIBLE 
BEDS OF LIMESTONE AND MARBLE --ASCENT TO DIVIDING RipGe.—VIEW FROM THE HIGHEST POINT. а 
оғ CŒUR D'ALÉNE OR STEVENS'S PASS.—C«EUR D'ALÉNE MISSION.—PERE GAZZOLI AND PERE RAVALLI.—CHARL 
MAGINN.—BURIAL OF AN INDIAN CHIEF.—BUILDINGS AND CHURCH OF THE MISSION nian OF 
MISSIONARY AFFAIRS.—SKETCH OF THE cete ИР сри METHOD OF DEER HUNTING.—GOVERNOR STEVENS’S 
ADDRESS TO THE INDIANS - ТӨ Missi N.—DEPARTURE.—WOLF’s LODGE.—THE SPOKANES AT THEIR DEVOTIONS.— 
TALK HELD WITH amp AND LAKE.—TROUT FISHING.~FALLS OF SPOKANE RIVER.—SPOKANE 
HOUSE. rona Cine. —GARRY'S VISIT TO GOVERNOR STEVENS.— STARTS FOR COLVILLE.—INFORMATION OF Mac- 
FEELY’S ARRIVAL АТ WALLA-WALLA.— ARRIVAL AT COLVILLE —MEETS CAPTAIN McCLELLAN.—MAIN FACTS OF THE 
EXPLORATION OF THE CASCADES.—CAPTAIN MCCLELLAN REACHES VANCOUVER.—PROCURES Vani iib snr 
RATIONS OF LIEUTENANT SAXTON'S PARTY.— ORGANIZATION OF THE PARTY.—INDIAN GUIDES —ADOPTS THE TRAIL OF 
THE KLIKITAT PASS —SLOW PROGRESS.—SCARCITY OF GRASS.—CASCADE RANGE —PASSES EXPLORED.—THE KLIK, 
ITAT.—VALLEY OF CATHLA-POO-TLE —DELIGHTFUL CLIMATE.—DEPOT CAMP.—LIEUTENANT HODGES SENT ACROSS 
TO FORT STEILACOOM.—CAPTAIN MCCLELLAN’S PARTY SURVEYS THE Na-CHESS Pass.—LIEUT. DUNCAN EXPLORES 
THE UPPER YAKIMA.—MR. GIBBS THE LOWER YAKIMA.—KLIKITAT TRIBE.—KAMIAKIN IN COUNCIL WITH CAPTAIN 
McCLELLAN.—LIEUT. HODGES IN DISTRESS.— RETURN OF LIEUT. DUNCAN AND Мв. GIBBS.—MAIN BODY MOVES INTO 
THE YAKIMA YALLEY —CAPTAIN MCCLELLAN EXAMINES THE PASSES OF THE HEAD OF THE RIVER —LIEUT. DUNCAN 
THE NEIGHBORING COUNTRY. —GOLD DISCOVERED.—LIEUT. MOWRY RETURNS FROM THE DALLES.—ARRIVAL OF LIEU, 
TENANT HODGES.— FURTHER REDUCTION OF THE FORCE. enek Mowry’s EXPLORATIONS.—FORT OKINAKANE.— 
ON G АМУ 
Rocks.—CnossiNG OF THE PELUSE AND SNAKE RIVERS.—FALLS.— INDIAN LEGEND.—WALLA-WALLA VALLEY.— 
Hupson Bay Ғавм.--Мв. McBANE.—FATHER CHIROUSE.— PU-PU-MUX-MUX. 
October T.—This morning the instructions to Lieutenant Mullan and Mr. Tinkham were 
reduced to writing; and by Lieutenant Mullan I sent word to Dr. Suckley, enjoining particular 
caution in his arrangements for descending the Bitter Root river. At 81 o'clock we were on 
the road, the party consisting of Mr. Stanley, the artist, Mr. Osgood, my disbursing agent, and 
four voyageurs, with Antoine Plante, the half-breed guide. Mr. Lander, who had preceded 
us, we overtook in twenty-seven miles; when, after a short pause, continuing on eight miles 
over a rolling, and, in a few slight points, difficult country, we came to a good camp on a small 
stream of water; wood and grass most excellent. The first twenty-seven miles of the march 
to-day was through a fine prairie, wooded during the latter portion of the route. Our guide 
informs us that we shall to-morrow meet Indians going to buffalo. I forbear giving the incidents 
of this day's route with very great detail, as they will appear in the journal of my trip of 1855. 
I will simply observe that the valley of the Bitter Root is generally a wide valley, with occasional 
spurs running sharp down to the banks of the stream, but having opposite to such spurs an 
open and practicable prairie on the other side of the river. On both sides many streams of 
clear and pure water are seen, and the country is extremely well wooded and well watered 
generally. 
October 8.—We started at T} o'clock, passing over a hilly, wooded, and at times difficult 
