GEOGRAPHICAL MEMOIR, 295 
longest of those passages is that which branches out south and west of Saturna island, from the 
interior angle of Canal De Haro, towards the northwest, and forms a very interesting interior 
navigation along the coasts of Vancouver’s island. 
On the east the shores of De Haro strait are formed by the great central group of islands, 
principally by San Juan, Waldron, and Orcas islands. 
Meares pretends that his mate, Duffin, whom he sent out into the interior of De Fuca strait, 
saw this strait, and he gives on his chart a faint indication of it, but it is very improbable that 
the said Duffin ever saw De Haro Canal. We are certain that the Canal, at its southern 
entrance, was first seen by Don Gonzalo Lopez de Haro, who explored De Fuca strait in 1789, 
and who returned home from this strait, which was at once called after him, La Boca de Haro, 
(the Mouth of Haro.) | 
It was again seen by Haro's successor, Don Manuel Quimper, (1190,) who says that he saw 
the strait called La Boca de Haro, stretching out far to the northwest and north, to the end of 
his horizon, but that he had not time to explore it.* 
Don Francisco de Elisa was probably the first who sailed through the strait, (1791.) I cannot 
make it certain, but I believe that he entered into the Gulf of Georgia by Rosario strait, and 
returned from it by the Canal de Haro; at least, his chart is the first and oldest which has the 
principal features of the Canal.t 
Vancouver sent out, on the 18th of May, 1792, his lieutenant, Broughton, in the ship Chatham, 
from Protection island, towards these regions. We cannot say whether Broughton, on this 
occasion, sailed through the strait, because Vancouver’s report on this expedition is not explicit. 
He has the principal features of the Canal on his chart, but he may have copied it from a 
Spanish chart, perhaps from that of Elisa, a copy of which he may have received at Nootka 
Sound. 
This Canal was very muc 
east, and passed through Rosar! 
was to lookout for a passage to the east, and t 
this Canal has been much more developed in modern times; 
ment belongs to the hydrographical history of Vancouver's island. 
THE DE HARO ARCHIPELAGO. 
The De Haro archipelago consists principally of three very large, four moderately large, - 
f a more or less circular outline, with 
many smaller islands, which form a pretty compact group o 
some scattered islands round it, between Canal de Haro on the west, Rosario strait on the east; 
De Fuca strait on the south, and the Gulf of Georgia on the north. The whole has a circuit 
of 60 or 80 nautical miles. 
One broad strait, called Washington sound, cuts right through it from De Fuca rendu T 
Canal de Haro in a N.NW. direction, and sends out from its central parts another principal 
branch towards Rosario strait in an E.NE. direction. In this manner three doner. pieces of 
land are formed, San Juan island, Orcas island, and Lopez island. The interior straits of this 
archipelago have, however, much smaller dimensions than those which surround the entire 
io straits. 
“Ап = e ак uM this archipelago present throughout the same geological 
the library of the State Department at Washington. 
ish copy of Elisa's chart, made in Mexico, is preserved in the archives of the Topo- 
h neglected by the old navigators, because they all sailed to the 
o strait; so did Vancouver, Galiano, and Valdez. Their object 
o fix the continental shores. The geography of 
but the history of this develop- 
? Quimper’s manuscript journal is in 
fA most interesting and large Span 
graphical Bureau in Washington. 
