METEOROLOGY, 395 
Beer root sugar is one of the most important products of Russia, and the amount for 1848 in 
Koursk and Kherson alone was 1,093,585 pounds from 2,324 acres employed in this manner. 
Wines.—Only the province south of latitude 49° produce the vine, and of these the six here 
considered are the principal. In 1849, these produced 24,245,000 gallons, worth 2,804,100 
dollars. If similar climate and soil prove anything, the same kind of vine should succeed as 
well in most parts of Nebraska. 
The hop vine is native and abundant in the hilly parts of Nebraska and Washington Territo- 
ries; and two or three native species of flax may become worthy of cultivation in both places. 
These provinces also produce the principal parts of the fruits of Russia, especially apples. 
Garden vegetables are, however, less productive. Hay and other fodder, being naturally sup- 
plied in abundance, is not much cultivated. 
Flax is cultivated only for the oil of its seeds, though it succeeds well. Hemp is not pro- 
duced. 
Tobacco in these provinces is produced to the extent of about 2,500,000 pounds, the best 
being from Kherson and Tauride, aud worth 20 cents a pound. This is probably the Turkish 
tobacco, which will grow in a dry climate. 
The products of the great extent of grazing land form, however, a much more important 
source of wealth to these provinces; and the following numbers show what proportion of various 
stock may be expected as the future animal wealth of Nebraska: 
Horses, 2,015,190; cattle, 4,154,450 ; sheep, 11,950,110. То the square mile: horses, 8; 
cattle, 18; sheep, 42; which, deducting the proportion of land otherwise used, would be 
much increased. ; 
Hogs, poultry, bees, and silkworms also form a large proportion of the producing stock of 
these provinces, but need not be here included in the special estimates. % 
The export of wheat from the two ports of Odessa and Taganrog is over 18,000,000 bushels, 
while the three other principal ports, Archangel, St. Petersburg, and Riga, export only abont 
6,000,000 bushels, thus showing the far greater productiveness of the provinces bordering on 
the Black sea in this important staple. 
Agricultural products of Red River valley from Pembina to Fort Garry, latitude 49° to 50° 15.'— 
(Report on Exploration between Lake Superior and Red River Settlement, Toronto, 1858, p. 319.) 
Indian corn may always be expected to ripen, and is a sure crop оп the dry parts of the 
prairie, while the rich and moist soil requires draining to produce it. The Horse-tooth and 
Mandan varieties are thus cultivated. It was found growing and ripening near the mouth of 
Winnipeg river, latitude 50° 30’. 
W heat.—This is the staple crop, and its general success and good quality are well known. 
Forty bushels to the acre is a common return on new land, and a Mr. Gowlee obtained fifty-six, 
with no improvement except deep ploughing to make the land dry. sales springs are the greatest 
obstacle to its success, and the only reason it is not more cultivated is - want of a market. 
Rust and fly were unknown, but the grasshoppers have been very —— Barley and oats 
are so easily raised zhat they were not considered worthy of special — 
Hay.—The natural growth is unlimited in quantity and «жемш quality. 
Hops.—These grow wild everywhere and with the greatest luxuriance. 
Peas.-—Grow well and yield abundantly. | 
Tobacco is cultivated to a small extent, but appears to be badly dried and manufactured. 
