122 
THE AGRICULTURAL TALEFER 
[FEB. 29 
ihdeing would not, in nstances, be. an un- 
panog 
uano 
land which is much exhausted by 
E 
n the ofin 
necessary eonia since it yon be an outlay 
crop would pay for. It does not seem, however, to have 
o monly done. 
way of regulating the proper number 
sow only 80 many seeds- as are suf- 
reatest crop the land ¢ 
manu and while it remains at { 
price it is not pe ad ng that farmers are red aint ‘their 
stock when the loss arising from fattin ng ci 
dered, ileak being 102. 10s per ton, é 
cats, is konsi- 
quire th 
especially when we consider that in a conten of. 
years’ mair there is abstracted from one are 
pih Olbs. of the ashes of vegetables, which cons 
It will be now worth while 
acre of being kept i in an avera 
atA 
to ar xe ees 
state Ksi fry by 
er and a ; allo ow- 
nat an chlorine, and are r 
phd od 
wn 
vegetable and grit cy matt re- in many parts of Er g- 
í “Now, | it is very pli that in all these E adotto of pi 
o 
f lime with Œ high! ] subst when placed | rowing hiore the ds are oams a 
great measu re), ite iin ause d eens soils will invariably “produce Tarai, and when 
to be: Ia the first meted nein an throw out the of hay Sa Sai: years. I find that J I d d,i it is pe 
lants or's' int the em; n the two last me- | hay weighing 1j tons p f 
thods they ty sha i l produce half-a-ton without manure, either yt the bulbs "with sheep the be aie for. them, sk 0 
can rne upon.the. spac ce. ..We leave, it. to | use of guano, nitrate of: soda or potas h, or sulphate ample, and 
ae Praca or to say | which mode „of Judgment he ammonia ; and = has been continued for 8 years one if abe oa has not previous] y been accustomed 
1 pia wish to uce. In practice the price of these|| The Tenan should all be consumed by. the 1st 
e of oh ar is ‘to produce him substances ae cep ri chloe: the low price o a ch, and the fisld should ae at least twice Youg 
of Swed 
think a ton of aan each abba as large as a ghee, 
as goo od as ‘of from 8'to 12 lbs) each?" Ifa 
a quantity of food i is to proai forhim 120 scores 
f'béef; does he think that weight contained in’ seven 
guano at present makes it preferable; were guauo to 
e ebate 
advance to 15s, per“cwt. e of ammonia Tana 
compete with it successfully. 
The ’ T! riters on Agricultural C 
the lands may 
09 inches high i in the contre “(accor ding to ire 
eatly | velled 
7 
e 
superabundance of water, 
Hialf-meated Scots is as profitable 
i , z3 oth ell 
i up?” Surely, in these 
g 
Liebig and Boussingault, have adopted d 
of 
1 + 
Very. an 
the various elements o 
] 
with Tespect to’ the va alue 
s he knows that the sai 
dictoasty applied will lead “5 gain, while an injudicious 
capplication of it may entail even loss ;'and why should 
these principles have been acknowledged and acted upon 
in these points and have never yet been applied to Wheat 
oft must 
crop by starving is as 
o fadlboned mae that the regulation of ‘the 
f ba d hus sbandry. , There is 
inorganic portion, the rön the azotised e, a 
The'trath, T believe, theo ion ween the two.’ Some expe- 
Eve ery person contemp lating converting theirsfi 
permanent ewe and meadow,- sho pid Ree 
Grasses, from the turf near the 5 ee d the gro 
immedia te aly: adjoining, a appear to thrive 
ription of the land, an in 
pt 
riments, which h I a ope soon to ang before the public, | 
prove that upon a exhausted soil it 
Turnips in. large quantities with. manure’ consisting “only || 
rohit is 
d ce * very 8 
of mineral matter, but w tri ‘ied wit th; the, 
he 
samo manure t 
seedsman Soul pny an aoe as. to the sorts fi 
likely to succeed, It is much easier to supply Grass 
lary ; $ " therefore the cro p will ge enerally “be either 
atchy one, or will consist of a great many sintd 
ee of a due proportion < 2ni dears. But ther 
In 
a crop of Turnips with inorganic matter only, 
The composition of all plants of the same 
being Pnurly the same, d 
ree disadvantage s also g 
rob the 
h the 
in 
istances before the 
etti 
supernumeraries pate 
‘pror 
oie is adde 
t becomes very babe A Pore attention of the agricul-| a substance containing all the elements of 
turist, tlierefore, to inquire ho how he can carry the third employed, a much ~~ quantity of phosphate i is 
plants into a a, 3 so that pE required.—J. B Lees 
save his s allow each se 
may, at the same time, ed 
sown sufficient a sufficient Wiaj ea betes each | 
P may be 
owing a 
the quantity required to tse a given weight of or- ferent i n qu a I have made it a rule, after havin 
ganic.matter may be red ced b D ntion to this sabject for some” 
ure of from = 20 of th 
employment of a substance caning ammonia ie ow natural ele: idaig all the most valuable: eapi 
carbon, hydrogen and oxygen, n the rich grazing fields in ae iy nigi 
d appear that plants consume OF: return to the 
> which a 
e of) lime w 
n from the when 
d, less kiei is aieri a when, 
adbering as much as is consistent tot 
supplie 
If wwe closely examine our best felds e find a 
var! as in, a small pae and RA tmo alike hy 
N LAYING DOWN. LAND.TO GRASS. 
tae follo owing o obs servations. on , this. subject, ‘whieh 
Yo ia C 
ourant, 
as to a 
then, the lav w Na me we bAt to be spiel 
we hear of Ea s from those a have f 
|| form a perman t award witli few bits oF Tas 
not infrequently totally unsuiting 5 , much labouri 
orme out risk from eo oe fre) ignorance 
‘of the | i — = As oe adven- 
tages.—H. To 
3 THE REAL VALUE OF GUANO. 
ME CANNOT let the Payers pe togon Karaning si in a 
er A say, by Mr. Wm 
‘and however “naturally good it may be, thes 
. Jac f Bed 
The cultivation vee the Grasses ot the ladi is of 
national import his country is Se ae 
adapted to their poet: 
h depends the qdeality of the Bel 
esac - important consideration ; pand it is cer’ 
This cant of. ae ray is now r receiving that 
ht economy 
Bye ‘respectable seed-merchant; shou 
conclusions contrary to the experience of agriculturists, 
which he founds his arga 
ments are; l-believe, by no means accurate. M) 
into a Gra 
varieties, accorduas 
excessive d 
rable s field 
to some as a ae *§ it is very different in detail, ‘and: 
re quires particular atte ntio on to arrive at the object we 
viz. 
wet. seasons rill prod uc 
natural feet at different. Bei 
an that 4 owt. of guano contain only 40 Ib. of ash, 
Ib. 
time. _, The task is not difficult, but requires method, 
im rfec 
-silex, alumina, and other mineral and metallic matter 
re gaa tabl 
which abound in most soils; and that:this 401b. cannot 
supply 608 lb. of PA taken by a crop of corn, together 
that 
an improp of Grass seeds, usually, consisting 
of bu Ee o! or Four sorts en procured sos the 
hay- -loft), without considering whether the ey monia suiti 
tion, et 
in mind that Let bäd land will require thë” gre 
with 4000 lb, or 5000 Ib. of.organic matter ; 
dressing o of dung c: con ntains 7001b- 0 r 800 Ib: of ash. Having 
collected a f analyses of guano, 
such as are imported into London,- I can ‘state with 
ndo: 
ee ee a ay aen Soren is as follows :— 
Ichaboe. 25-to 30 
25—30 
$ to 9 pts. aes am, 
=% 
Or; atai c matter 
containing 1 1 
id eel of time . 
Salts 
. 
soe $ 
15 — 25 
the 
ld co uch time and expense to a te. T 
me atin was even known to contain many of the 
d 
ecially if the surface is rather 20 
idered the best.me 
ayer : 
floc Mare 
` Dung contains i in a Ton. 
+» 1568 
on as eee 
Containing’ of ania 23 
Salts containing 6 to 7 per cent. of phosphate of ‘lime 92 | 
The great dificulty: of getting a fair sample of dus ne 
ubtful—the water here 
is estimated at 70 ite cent. ; 3/00 referring to the average 
of a number gault, T fi or tha t he 
kes 79 “per cent. as the quantity of w 
567 | 
The « ard panties of ying land away ‘with the 
a Ry je-grass, Rib-grass or ieee uae eerie 
White ses th I am obse sin 
is 
Pp 
Faa 
a 
| Rye, or Rape, which ill shelter "the young pla 
| may be eaten off with sheep. ‘This will scarcely] 
trong and poor brag ha hig ys i ew 
of the summer, a and w orm a 
= recommend pie ormer.. The 
s frequently proves to be Couch, and 
Rib-grass 
with or bree a crop of corn, and some wri riters 0 
culture condemn the former as injurious. I certai 
ther 
ses, and requires twice the room’ 
most rot our sag ey Grass 
it Fr et | E this should ever be 
n be d t 
to gro 
ha will p roduce sonal 
and three quarters per acre, is n 
oles Grasses are well sheltered seme 
ch ae cli 
‘ ver y ips! proponon, compared with the excrement of |o 
the cattle the e qu antity of 
ammonia 
th 
of ground ies rhea Pi never, ree myo 
of temperature to whi imate is 
proper 3 
be. sown in „the best mixtures for permanent pasture, 
hick crop o: 
pantai fo foundation ot our future success. Alt 
which ender ers the ‘umsiy of the 
ong in Barley as they mi 
about equal in ‘the dry ding: Cuiniteceag 15 tons of 
dung per“atre an ng dressing, and 4 cwt. of guano, 
they will each co 
ohne. Jb, Dung: 
oo ED Phosphate of lime 
eye”, G4, Ammovig, «4. -». 195 
171 » 8505 
30 Potash, es fati silica dis 
erea the A mee with the dung it will be 
es. 
me great benefit the pe system of thi 
one s A ‘ie ee he ere, r do not 
rived from it, and wh 
ie rti 
thus expir ation of 
three years to find little remaining but the White Clover 
get the land must t be mph cain of smali 
piste 3 the stubble is of great service in. winter, to) 
tect the young eee | pa on and the straw asii 
ted into manure, mus! 
Ji nanur 
h ei be found very advantag 
Rolling with a Ss roller, is requisite in Aprils 
break down the stubble and sadden the land, an nd 
, DO n stock but s! 
th 
wend 
mane: matter and “aties, such as ‘potash, soda, 
ed i 
te the soil, which is a work of considerable time. gio 
two methods seldom: fail to cause disappointment, 
i 
: pim, the quai 
e calou 
ntity conta in 
ion. -H 
3 
Fal 
is intendéd to be comerte d 
siihe 
53, it ind be >; performed in the most 
ste 
es the weight of dry 
e pi mts se er we de- 
their = 
will re ve 
necessary 
of iala 
oe ‘produced for many years without the 
cultivation “required arak 4 in the routine 
admitted, and those not until 
first week. in te or when the Grass has made 
ficient ead a 
ures have ere may be 
‘when supplied with phosphate of | lime, 
equir ee oie rahe iis an ammoniacal sing 
baht 
essing’ o 
grass pat Pic ales be carta nas a as in state of 
risi, ieee pi the roller and bask-harrow” 
