—————————— DT ANTTT TTI D 
THE AGRICULTURAL GAZETTE. 
TIA 
present SY 
opens it, and i in how far r they : are | 
h. bi 
fitted to 
1 f, 1 
rts and shelter ge th is the first | 
a ag ex- 
ma 
Psa size of the cour 
ing requiring consideration, sank this 
wha 
t will comfor tably a sas brs 
The r 
and a space 
would have felt disple ased to hav 
doubted ; that this is the case at 
ga 
at eras are either in o en 
with shelter shades, or in clo 
eh “the animals are bound be Segi 
there closely confined from tħe 
the sha 
in general use 
open ya es, in |120 square oe one third Ay whic. h, or 40 square 
ht posts, peor biss ds, may be c coversd as a shelter shade, will suffice 
Sa y are A so to | for t this purpose ands s the warmth and comfort of 
Is i , such courts should 
able 
for 
feed si 
ese systems is om ee ch u 
nm i ; while the latter fab T 
e southern 
are pore seriean which may be done both for con- 
Soe 
tt may, then, become a question with 
farmer or commer: rcial gentleman who is npn 
— his iy iia in scientific farmia ng; and om Saipan 
reaping sead arvests by 
which of these systems „tay 
0 
i snerall der in a t districts of the space. p 5 principles, 
PAA i a : if Ta ariek in laying it down as al wale open the courts shew always be of such a pi p to. insure a safe re r the strove: t, be ye ah a 
principle of the highest Er rom ny importance in the height as On this que jai. a sa tells era i 
fatt of rger ruminating animals ; | off the licitly believe or follow extremes on ethes | 
that their instinctive tendencies and hea Ithfal r requ tire. tion with on en. and mis al Teaching cases | A ‘but jadge : for yo eae by sepia tabin systems prs: Tr 
ments ought to be attended to t ture ; remember, side by side, on the different ? 
ment to “which the ey are subjected w hile undergoing | t hat t although the Salmo of the social habit is to kinds of soil i in youroccupation, and don t despise the 4 
final preparation for the shambles, i it will appear, — the | be Pann d to, > ppiness y you hey e proved it MA 
system whe n t referred to, namely, open of th mal, ng not to erroneous. It is too much the fashion for experimenters | y 
yar ed with she lter „shades, is hich wi d writers on agriculture to give their opinions 
that w 
pen 4 
th 
ided | for ve ae a Ho t of a plu- 
= 
be h one _system would suit all soils and situations; | igh 
what would s 
court, the further gratifi- 
wm of feeding in close houses et totally ex- 
co 
onfined in arts | 
ranty 
F 
greater 
Says “i suit in 
ee 
cation of the faculty to the ) neglect. el pee: feedin 
For en the u are c 
bers 
tifi nd pone rood g unrestricted ac- 
a uated air, ‘sail the enjoyment of moderate 
mie system is maintained in health, 
the 
first magnitude. To economise > time and labour i in i feod- 
so 
nd, |o everything connected with the pth ei of ae 
and vice 
applie es “not on ee to gs eee but al te st 
dit! 
eat 
soil 
ing, 
ie 
eir orga 
and aw on and limbs of the animals, 
gards putting in tiles 4 feet deep for surface pr 
Pete if it does answer well in omnes ins psy ces, it is 
n a that it would succeed in all, me situae 
tions ould be impos ssible to get pie “outfall for | 
ca „Now, we should commence our drainage vi 
lor oe of two o 
nd go 
prickly s ; if dead levels are “brought u up to ae hs of 
the mains, the water m es off Pt. Sy and then 
unless constant ca pat aire keep th 
d i tage went 
out, it twill s soon growup w 
moderate e in good condition, Cr are enabled | ithe the ae n or the court, and which 
with comparative pve el Peco o the fatigue of space may be clo n the intervals of fee by a 
su t travel—a matter d board. The peter oo of the 
in a practical point of view. “tinder the other system of should be by the side wall of the court, so that the 
feeding, namely, in close i 1 of 
may receive gratification, | but nee ng cut off e | roots, hI 
essential requisites of animal health, free air, and When the ror a are fed on ves these may te | 
exercise, this system is not so well calculated to secure | be by a machine, and afte: ay gh placed, in the 
e general welfare of the animals. | feeding trough, or they may be put in the first instance 
From this brief and cursory review of these 
systems of stall Ee he I amd to accord the | shaped so mewhat lik a spade. When d 
on to rises ek this chould be 
open courts, as more apa | em- 
raci ing the ee in fatting managemen + hich I 
grain is ilow ed in additi io 
given bl og na times, and in order to secure their 
om A NDA in _wet weather, should be 
The evils of deep draining pih bg or levels I 
to my cost. An estate which I am uow occupying was” 
drained more than _20 years since se (before i ie eee inte 
ey | ry 
vent 
f this kind should 
y y consequence the p success of the animals ; ; 
Yards 
be Kept comfortably poe not -i to secure comfo ort to 
expense ; ; the drains were put i in from 4 a ry or 104 
aoe : * one or two instances springs were 
ut in many y others no water 
ourts, aS practised, I regard as » the best 
tted to vi the objec I “tiny said a modi- | 
cation afl the of open court as at 
nt 
ao is one s best 
Whenev 
ug by deep 
ught necessary ‘for 
ays dry } ards. er 
the litter becomes soiled a the pes Bear fresh straw is 
simply spread upon t the surface, the manure being 
ps, th 
ploy er that some water shone fiow out of the 
have been stop 
eeding 
conic it sry gat Ae 
at present 
large, when it is carried to the fields, and afterwards 
aie ared for applieation to the so oil. 
48 
n 
work would 
arises, that fins 
rea 
pr 
taken off 
ow 
of agricul 
erfect, and can only 
; the objects at which 
gi 
be canes as posto as an anan ssim 2 can well 
having 
etd are stopped up, 2 
who € ted t 
+ 2 f tA 
and unknown, except to t 
> work. Ha d those drains b l 
wae 
apoatiy this desertion. 1 vit have alre 
poneti T the 3 instinctive mip A 
d the ake ose in peer 
be said ‘to aofi pras nal ae ree in 
maj, , that the in- 
2 she 
and taey 
tend 
eno tered to their orbal ove aoli 3 
when onsiderable number of these are confined 
directed into T heas e paths e a sound scientific | 
pre: 
etice, 
toget hie ia tits area, t 
nable us fo maintain our proud pi 
o 
jariousl} y exercised, a few of fean sage and 
N 
gricultural pens u the eart 
Thomas Alcock, pit “of 
f 
a se sway over their weaker fellows, prevent a 
ng progress being -> by the whole. 
— 
arrangemen 
general 
warmth and Shelter from inel oor wea 
A owi Nav. 
_ON DRAINING AND DRAIN TILES. 
4] 
the indiscriminate use 
eA wit g hey ‘ha ve aj 
an hese place in the advice and “practice c no our most 
inent men what is 
in feeding, ‘which crear us to gard warmth 
essential i to a feeding aa anim. 
te them aproper degree of 1 warmth and shelier, it “would | 
—all circumstan 
ro- 
= out of 
the fashion to eall thorough-drai ‘put which 
has been known 
Woreestershire re by the name o of fu urrow- draining. 
ining, 
many years ago in some localities in D 
in 
*s Journal, vale v. -page 146 ; but 
em, I shall m 
the reach of the plough, ‘the poaching 
rses, or the sink ing of wheels, ep the water might 
pecs them the quicker, and have a better fall ; sine e 
are now orderin e til 
land, an nd consider ay AET E siz 
that time we have been gradually descending into t 
“od 
Roose with whieh “we are nee 
will embraee these obj be pe spy ttained 
gone pek size arg vaesa koar è i Segarra d 
so aeccommod, twas, ba me epey three | 
aequa! 
inted. still, ? we aas 
court system as | an 
dee T 
X soon way iahoniet, Bd deeper | dra 
on with our neighbour Mr. Elkin noe 
in the publie pea seen 
ottom of our drains; from this 
we staal ap to att i that in a short time it will 
, like the railwa 
amalgama; 
Indeed, I ion aged 
| given to bore the 
| become all “ one con neern.” 
animais, and by so arranging the ‘yards as to expose 
eely Þ 
them f 
Si 
e wor: 
Again, 
h 
a sarge id fit th 
afford sufficient eee 
| Were to be large and capacious, gts eae of 4 
ee 
drains laid ; gat cauti ty es willit i reie rahi 
drains with enti pipes ; the 
of 
pe — of siali feeding, ace ePIC Ae principles 
xplained, would th pass with ; — in 
deney 0 
straw, or stubble, to — the water an 
resis to a = ; the raw subsoil, 
were clay, w 
i 
the were 
merino: 
—- would be cage while po 
es tiated d the e enjoyment of ae 
men 
especially S it | Va 
be carefully excluded in ie up, point 
rai 
become th 
able to the maintenance of animal health, and the pro- 
jer to assort th in zome ire 
a lated p: secure thelr 1 health and mna ra fatting 
ry, but as trying a m feet! 
original, 1 “by petting rthe bodies stones foron h, pir! 
progress, an d the e green crops of the farmer would 
tih papp 
= ee latest advice is to put in pa? feet sige a ina 
smallest tile e we can t, with a rture "ot 
È with shelter shades is Pag best w ah which w 
I shall roceed to point outa few 
ks in the sni 
ce of those who may th 
e recommended and described. 
half- 
e | penny, ya parae is then be put in, and if igi 
| so much the better, and the yee it is rammed 
made the mo: 
solid, 
ink then, 
re perfect will be the e drainage. ‘ie 
one of an 
or union round the joinic 
case the tiles will Rg be 
the rings, and if t 
p= these thin, ta ‘ines 
hrough the middle, and th 
Again, it was ae 
these small pipe 
Pani) pag er sage 
apt o gles 
in the 2 
sae requiring va 
ucing the cost 
and each fe thee turn have had their advocates, ¥ 
