Plate 14. 
In the spring of 1895, John Francis Snyder, a medical doctor, reported his excava- 
tions of mounds in Brown County, Illinois, in a periodical called The Archaeologist. 
Dr. Snyder’s article has been reprinted by the Illinois Historical Society in John 
Francis Snyder, Selected Writings, edited by Clyde C. Walton, 1962. In a large 
mound on the land of a farmer named Paul Baehr, on the Illinois River floodplain, 
he reported finding a little ‘“‘headless image” and at another time a second 
“terra cotta image.”’ Both of these figurines were illustrated by life-sized line 
drawings in his publication. 
Most of Dr. Snyder’s collection from the Baehr farm was eventually acquired 
by the American Museum of Natural History in New York. The whereabouts of the 
figurines was unrecorded until 1967. In that year when Ms. Nancy Engel, an author- 
ity on prehistoric North American figurines, was in St. Louis sketching figurines 
in the hands of museums and collectors, she recognized these two in the Whelpley 
collection as the long-lost Snyder figurines from the Baehr Mounds. 
The headless male figure on the left (Catalog No. 9X183) was found on a mica plate 
with flint chips and bone-perforated, pulley type ear spools near a skull in the big 
Baehr Mound. The figure on the right (Catalog No. 9X285) was found wrapped in a 
woven bag of vegetable fiber with a copper celt and a very small, four-lobed pottery 
vessel with a tall neck in the same mound (Griffin et al, 1970; p. 82). 
Both figurines were made by Indians who lived in the Midwest between about 200 
B.C. and A.D, 300; their culture has been called Hopewell in archaeological zical 
publications. Tribal affiliations and language or languages are unknown, as the cul- 
ture did not survive into historic times. 
Photographs of the two Snyder figurines were used by Dr. James B. Griffin and 
Richard E. Flanders in a monograph dedicated to the late Dr. Paul F. Titterington, 
titled: ‘The Burial Complexes of the Knight and Norton Mounds in Illinois 
and Michigan,” 1970. 
Dr. Titterington, like Dr. Whelpley, was an active member of the Academy of Science 
of St. Louis for many years and a lifelong student of midwestern archaeology. 
