128 Bird -Lore 



of sugar. The well-known recipe of 'pound for pound,' that is, one pound of sugar 

 boiled with one pound of fruit-juice is extravagant in these days of thrift and conserva- 

 tion. 



Very delicious jelly can be made by using one-half, one-third and, with certain fruit- 

 juices, one-fourth part of sugar to one part of juice. 



Experiments: Study soliihility, crystallization, extraction, evaporation, purification 

 by putting sugar in water, boiling a piece of sugar-cane, or maple-sap, or sliced beet- 

 root, and noting the varying appearance of the boiling juice, and at what stages scum 

 occurs and crystallization. 



Write compositions upon the different processes of making sugar. Keep account of 

 how much sugar you use a week, month, or year, and compare these records with a 

 view to determining the proper use of sugar. — A. H. W. 



For and From Adult and Young Observers 

 NOTES FROM THE NORTHWEST 



We are so much interested in birds here at Newlands school that the Bird 

 Club asked me to write a letter to you. 



There are a great many birds here, such as the Kingbird, Flycatcher, 

 Loggerhead Shrike, Cowbird, Towhee, Meadowlark, Chestnut-collared Long- 

 spur, McCown Longspur, many different kinds of Sparrows and a great many 

 Prairie Horned Larks. The Prairie Horned Lark is a bird that stays with us 

 both winter and summer. 



On March i we began to record birds and now we have about fifty dif- 

 ferent kinds. 



At our Bird Club meeting we have each member report what they have 

 seen of bird-life in the field. We would like to know how we could attract more 

 birds around the school where there are no trees. — Willie Todd, Secretary, 

 Nobleford Bird Club, Nobleford, Alberta. 



[For those of our readers who are unacquainted with the physiography of Alberta, a 

 description of its climate, topography, and fauna and flora is worth looking up, since 

 it is so varied a region. The writer of these notes from Nobleford, evidently lives in the 

 prairie section, where there are no trees. The species of birds enumerated, it will be 

 noticed, are mostly ground-feeders and dwellers. Attracting birds in such a locality 

 presents, of course, some difficulties, but it seems as though a lunch-counter properly 

 made, and, if necessary camouflaged with grasses, might, if covered with seeds that 

 these birds relish, attract many. 



Can anyone who' is familiar with prairie conditions suggest a practical way to arrange 

 a lunch-counter? A birds' drinking fountain or a pool for bathing might attract more 

 birds than a lunch-counter, unless their food-supply becomes much reduced. As the 

 snowfall is not heavy usually in Alberta, seed-eating birds doubtless find winter forag- 

 ing less difficult than in localities where snow and ice prevail during winter. — A. H. W.] 



SIOUX CITY BIRD CLUB NOTES 



In the September-October number of Bird-Lore, I notice a paragraph 

 speaking of a column in the Pittsburgh Chronicle-Telegraph devoted to birds. 



