THE O. & O. SEMI-ANNUAL. 43 
The Towhee (Pigzlo erythrophthalmus) is a resident species at 
Eubanks, Ky., and is quite abundant, breeding in March and 
April. It is a very industrious and interesting songster. 
The situation generally chosen when singing is the top of a 
tree, at a height of from twenty to sixty feet. 
The song is a clear, sweet combination of whistle and trill. It 
is of moderate power, perhaps should be called loud, and is often 
regularly repeated at short intervals for halfan hour at a time, 
without the bird changing its position. 
They begin to sing about February 25, and continue in full song 
all summer. In the spring they sing at all hours of the day, but 
later in the season they are heard more towards sunset. 
The Pine-woods Sparrow (Peucea estivalis)is a common sum- 
mer resident at Eubanks, Ky. It frequents the sedge fields and 
meadows. It begins to sing on its arrival in the spring, (March 
20). It sings at all hours of the day, but is at its best in the 
evening from sunset until it is quite dark. On several occasions 
these sparrows have been heard singing quite late at night after a 
thunder shower. As they have never been heard singing at night 
except after 2 storm, it is supposed to be caused by the rain hav- 
ing awakened them. 
They sing from the top of a fence, a weed or any other conven- 
ient perch. The song is not very powerful, but sweet, clear and 
far-reaching. It is always uttered slowly and deliberately, and 
carries with it a sense of calm, peace and contentment which 
places it among the sweetest of our native song-birds. 
The song in all its varieties is rather high, the first note is al- 
ways prolonged and the last part is trilled or rippled. 
The Pine-woods Sparrow is an industrious songster in the 
spring, when he will repeat his song at intervals of from a quar- 
ter to half a minute almost all day, only stopping long enough 
to feed. After the first of July he only sings in broken snatches, 
and that for the most part in the evening. 
The American Goldfinch (Sgézus trist’s) is a common resi- 
dent at Eubanks, Ky., where it breeds during July and August. 
It has a quite lively song, and a plaintive and exquisitely ten- 
der call-note. The bird has an undulating flight, each undulation 
