A COLLECTION OF FISHES FROM SUMATRA. 523 



Head 24-; depth 3|; D. XI, 15; A, IIL 8; P. ii, 15;'V. I, 5; scales 87 in a 

 lateral series to base of caudal, 16 in an oblique series between origin of spinous 

 dorsal and lateral line, and 25 between latter and origin of anal ; pores 52 in lateral 

 line to base of caudal, and about 5 more on base of latter ; width of head 2-2- in its 

 length ; depth of head If ; mandible 14 ; third dorsal spine 3| ; sixth dorsal ray 

 2^^; third anal spine 4 ; fourth anal ray 2|-; caudal 2; least depth of caudal 

 peduncle 3-|; pectoral li; ventral 2|; snout 4-1- in head, from tip of upper jaw; 

 eye 5^ ; maxillary 2-i ; interorbital space 7-|. 



Body oblong, compressed, back hardh' elevated, and greatest depth at origin of 

 ventral. Profiles more or less evenly convex. Caudal peduncle compressed, rather 

 deep, and its length from base of last dorsal ray but little less than its least depth. 



Head long, pointed, profile slightly and evenly convex. Snout convex, rather 

 broad. Eye with its center about first third of head, measured from tip of snout. 

 Mouth not much inclined, and mandible projecting well beyond upper jaw. Max- 

 illary large, reaching opposite posterior rim of orbit, and distally expanded till about 

 four-sevenths of latter's diameter. Lips thick and tough. Teeth sliarp pointed, 

 conical, and biserial in jaws. Outer series erect, of about equal length in each jaw, 

 and inner series small, depressable and longer in mandible. Teeth -irregular in front 

 of each jaw, those above more elongate. Canines in front of each jaw, two smaller 

 ones in lower, and two adjoining on each side of upper well separated. Minute 

 teeth on vomer- and palatines. Tongue long, narrow, free, and rounded in front. 

 Nostrils close together near middle of front of eye, and anterior with a fleshy rim 

 forming a short tube. Interorbital space slightly convex, with a slight depression 

 in fi'ont. Top of head convex. Posterior margin of opercle finely serrated and 

 ending in two small spines at lower corner. Three opercular spines, upper obso- 

 lete though most anterior, and middle largest, slightly directed upward. Opercular 

 flap rather long and pointed. 



Gill-opening large and carried forward below posterior nostril. Gill-rakers 

 y 2 + 10 III, compressed, equal in length to gill-filaments, or a trifle less than half 

 of orbit. Pseudobranchia? about equal to gill-filaments. Isthmus rather broad, 

 with a broad furrow in front and posteriorlv with a sliahtlv trenchant edse. 



Scales small and finely ciliated. Head covered with more or less smooth scales, 

 except lips and greater portion of maxillarj-. Scales on maxillary few and incon- 

 spicuous. Cheek, top of head, and snout with small scales. Basal portions of fins 

 with minute scales which do not extend far out. A few scales on bases of pectoral 

 and ventral. A broad scaly flap over axillar}- pit. Lateral line convex till about 

 fifth dorsal spine, then down along middle of side of caudal peduncle to base of 

 caudal. 



Spinous dorsal inserted a trifle before origin of pectoral, and graduated to third 

 spine which is longest, and others all more or less equal. Soft dorsal inserted a 

 little nearer base of caudal than origin of pectoral, much higher than spinous dorsal 

 and its posterior edge rounded. Origin of anal a little in front of that of second 

 dorsal, spines graduated to third, which is longest. Soft anal higher than soft dor- 



