228 Reviews — Keller's Lalie-DwelUngs. 



Dawkins' " Cave Hunting " ; Dr. Jolin Evans' "Ancient Stone Im- 

 plements of Great Britain "; Messrs. Lartet and Christy's "Eeliquije 

 Aquitanicse" ; Sir John Lubbock's "Prehistoric Times"; Sir Charles 

 Lyell's " Antiquity of Man " ; Mr. E. B. Tylor's " Early History of 

 Mankind " ; Mr. Edward T. Stevens' " Elint Chips " ; and lastly, 

 but by no means least, Keller's " Lake-Dwellings of Switzerland 

 and other Parts of Europe." 



In August, 1877, we drew attention to this work, then in the 

 press. ^ The first appearance of Keller's book in English was 

 noticed by us in the Geological Magazine for 1866 (Vol. IH. 

 p. 460). This edition formed a single volume of 426 pages and 

 96 plates. We now find it has grown, in 1878, to 740 pages and 

 206 plates, containing representations of more than two thousand 

 five hundred objects. 



Dr. Keller may congratulate himself on his good fortune in 

 possessing such a friend and translator as Mr. John Edward Lee to 

 make his researches known to so large a body of readers as the 

 English language is sure to command, both here and in the 

 Colonies, and also in the United States. 



Mr. Lee's original edition of Keller's work mainly consists of a 

 translation of his six reports presented at various times to the 

 Antiquarian Association of Zurich, with notes and some few addi- 

 tions. More than ten years have elapsed since that publication 

 appeared. In the new edition we have embodied the whole of 

 the previous matter and a seventh report by the same excellent 

 authority. To this Mr. Lee has added a short account of every 

 settlement of interest which has been carefully explored, always, 

 as far as possible, translated or abstracted from the original report 

 or memoir. In the first edition about 1500 lake-dwellings were 

 noticed ; the present edition contains descriptions of between two 

 and three thousand ! 



It is hardly too much to say that the work, as it now appears, 

 embodies all that has hitherto been written upon this interesting 

 subject, whether from English, French, Swiss, German, Austro- 

 Hungarian, or Italian sources of information. Strange to say, that 

 the Dutch, who, from the earliest times to the present day, have 

 always been the greatest pile-dwelling and pile-driving nation in 

 the world, find no place in these volumes. Will no enterprising 

 native venture to write a history of the first pile-dwelling in 

 Holland ? Or is the Dutch mind too prosaic and matter-of-fact to 

 enter upon such speculations ? We hope, if Mr. Lee ventures on a 

 third edition, he will avail himself of this suggestion. 



One feature of the new edition of Keller's " Lake-Dwellings " 

 is the introduction of much valuable information relative to the 

 persistence among various races of mankind of the practice of 

 erecting similar structures at the present day. If the old feudal 

 stronghold of our ancestors, with its outworks, drawbridges, and 

 moats, is but a modification of the still more primitive crannoge 

 and pfahlbau: what wonder then if actual pile-dwellings should have 

 1 See Geol. Mag. 1877, Dec. II. Vol. IV. p. 366. 



