F. A. Bedwell — On the Bridlington Crag, etc. 517 



Note. — It will be seen that, with one or two exceptions, the commoner shells 

 alone are met with in the ' Pui'ple ' clay, as might be expected from the theory here 

 advanced as to their origin. 



The rarity of the remains of univalves in these clays is, doubtless, owing to the 

 character of their shells, which are more liable to be crushed than are the bivalves, 

 consequently, half a dozen fragmentary Columella, and the body-whorl of a Baccinum, 

 are the only traces of Gasteropods that I have found. [Two fragments of deriva- 

 tive fossil shells may be mentioned, one of Procluctus from the Carboniferous 

 Limestone, the other of laocerainus from the Chalk. Of the 61 fragments supposed 

 to be distinct, more than half still remain undetermined. Probably many of these 

 may yield additioual information when further studied. — H.W.] 



V. — Notes on the Bridlington Crag and Boulder-olay. 

 By F. A. Bedwell, M.A., F.G.S., F.R.M.S. 



T is with great pleasure that I add a few remarks to Mr. Lamp- 



lugh's paper. His observations are, I think, highly important, 



and will, I anticipate, be found to do great credit to the intelligence 



and powers of observation of a very young and entirely self-taught 



naturalist. 



The story of the Bridlington Crag is given in a paper by Dr. S. P. 

 Woodward in the Geological Magazine, Vol. I. p. 49 (1864), which 

 affords details of the various notices and a valuable list of shells in 

 the Bridlington Crag, with an instructive table, in which the list is 

 com})ared with that of the Coralline, Eed, and Norwich Crags, and 

 with the glacial deposits and living specimens.^ 



My own observations on this deposit began in 1875 ; in March of 

 that year 1 found a TelUna about high-water mark in a Blue glacial 

 clay forming the surface of the shore close to a cut leading down on 

 to, the North Sands, and called Sand Lane, near an Hotel called the 

 Alexandra. The actual cliff where the bed was seen in 1821 and 

 1835 has long since been washed away. That cliff lay about 150 

 feet to the eastward of a house now occupied by me, and called Fort 

 Hall. This house stands 300 yards north of the pier, on the edge of a 

 cliff, now bricked up with, and concealed behind, a wall erected to 

 preserve the house. As the spot where I found the Tellina was 

 over 500 yards to the north of my house along the sands, I was led 

 to conclude that the Bridlington Crag was of a much more extended 

 character than was suggested by geological writers. In the same 

 month I also found some of the same fossil Tellincs on the South Shore 

 thrown up on the sand by the waves, and fastened together by the 

 Byssus threads of living mussels. These had come from the mussel-' 

 beds which extend widely over Bridlington Bay at about a quarter of 

 a mile from the shore, and their presence suggested an extension of 

 the Crag-bed considerably to the eastward and southward. At this 

 time, March, 1875, there was no exposure of the clay on the north or 

 south shores of any extent, but in December, 1875, a south-east gale 

 one night stripped off the sand on the North Shore before my house, 

 and I then saw the remains of the true Crag-bed lying on the shore, 

 and occupying as a horizontal section the area which had been once 

 covered by the cliffs now destroyed, and in which the Crag was 



1 The bear's tooth referred to in Dr. Woodward's paper is now in my possession. 



