THE CAMPANULABIDiE AND THE BONNEVIELLID^. 33 



TropJiosome. — Colony' consisting of a number of unbranched pedicels arising from a creeping 

 rootstock. The rootstock is parasitic on Sertularella polysonias and creeps irregularly over the 

 branches and hydrothecse of the latter. It is more or less annulated or twisted in places, but 

 in general is quite smooth. The pedicels arise irregularly and vary greatly in height, but are 

 seldom more than 1.5 mm. long. They are usually annulated throughout, the annulations often 

 being oblique and thus giving a spirally twisted appearance described by Hincks.^ The annu- 

 lations on the distal part are often less close than on the proximal part of the pedicels. There is 

 often a well-marked spherical annulation just below the hydrotheca. The hydrotheca is small, 

 deeply campanxilate or broadly tubular, a typical one being about 1^ times as long as wide. The 

 sides are parallel for the greater part of their length and the margin bears about 12 rather shallow 

 but clean-cut teeth. The diaphragm is of the same type as described imder C. verticillata, 

 being a mere annular thickening of the perisarc near the bottom of the hydrotheca, which forms 

 a constricted passage between the hydrothecal chamber and a small and not well defined basal 

 chamber. The hydranths are of the usual campanularian type. 



Gonosome. — Gonangia much as in C. verticillata but with a shorter neck, being flask-shaped 

 with a narrow neck, round aperture and walls not regularly annulated. The sexual products 

 mature in sporosacs before being extruded from the body. 



This species was confused with Clytia johnstoni by several of the earlier writers, notably John- 

 ston himself.^ This was poiuted out by Alder,* who described the species O. johnstoni to accom- 

 modate the form mistaken for Campanularia volubilis by Johnston. 



Distribution. — American. Labrador (Hincks); Gulf of St. Lawrence (Packard); New 

 England Coast (Verrill, Nutting, Hargitt); Pacific Coast, California (Torrey); Bering Sea 

 (Station 3511, 39 fathoms); Bare Island, (Hartlaub). 



General Distnhution. — This species has a very wide circumpolar and north temperate dis- 

 tribution. Norway (Bonnevie); North Sea (Broch); Iceland (Saemondsson) ; Greenland (Le- 

 vinsen) ; Spitzbergen (Marktanner-Turneretscher) ; Barents Sea (Thompson) ; White Sea (Schyd- 

 lowsky); British Islands (Hincks, Alder and others); Helgoland (Hartlaub); Mediterranean 

 Sea (HeUer). 



CAMPANULARIA INTEGRA Macgillivray. 

 Plate 1, fig. 7; plate 2, fig. 3. 



Campanularia Integra Macgillivr.\y, Ami. Mag. Nat. Hist., vol. 9, 1842, p. 465. 



Campanularia Integra Thompson, Report on Fauna of Ireland, Invertebrata, 1844, p. 283. 



Campanularia Integra Johnston, Hist. Brit. Zooph., 1847, p. 109. 



Capsularia integra Gray, List of Brit. Anim., pt. 1, 1848, p. 86. 



Campanularia integra Cocks, Contributions to the Fauna of Falmouth, 1849, p. 93. 



Cavipanularia integra Maitland, Descriptio systematica animaUum Belgii SeptentrionaHs, 1851, p. 43. 



Campanularia integra Landsborough, A popular history of Brit. Zooph., 1852, p. 165. 



Campanularia integra Saes, M., Nyt Mag. for Naturvidenskaberne, vol. 7, 1853, p. 387. 



Campanularia integra Thompson, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 2, vol. 11, 1853, p. 443. 



Campanularia integra Gossb, Manual of Marine Zoology, vol. 1, 1855, p. 25. 



Campanularia integra Hincks, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 2, vol. 15, 1855, p. 130. 



Campanularia integra Thompson, Nat. Hist, of Ireland, vol. 4, 1856, p. 459. 



Campanularia integra Alder, Cat. of Zooph. Northumb. and Durham, 1857, p. 38. 



Laomedea integra Agassiz, L., Cont. to Nat. Hi at, U. S., 1862, vol. 4, p. 335. 



Campanularia integra Hincks, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist, ser. 3, vol. 10, 1862, p. 361. 



Campanularia integra Allman, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 3, vol. 13, 1864, p. 372. 



Campanularia integra MoIntosh, Proc. Royal Soc. Edinburgh, vol. 5, 1866, p. 602. 



Campanularia integra Hincks, British Hydroid Zoophytes, 1868, p. 162. 



Campanularia integra Verrill, Proc. Amer. Assn. Adv. Sci.. 1873, p. 364. 



' The trophosome described is from station 3511, Bering Sea. The gonosome is described from a specimen from 

 Eastport, Maine. 



2 British Hydroid Zoophytes, 1868, p. 161. 



3 Hist. Brit. Zooph., 1847, vol. 1, p. 107. 



* Cat. Zooph. Northumb. and Durham, 1857, p. 35. 



