THE CAMPANULARID^ AND THE BONNEVIELLID^. 55 



Clytia johnstoni Verrill, Invertebrate Animals of Vineyard Sound, 1873, p. 408. 



Clytia johnstoni Verrill, Proc. Amer. Ass. Adv. Sci., 1873, p. 364. 



Clytia johnstoni Schulze, Nordsee Exped., 1874, p. 128. 



Clytia johnstoni Verrill, Amer. Jour. Sci., vol. 8, 1874, p. 44. 



Clytia johnstoni McIntoss, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 4, vol. 13, 1874, p. 206. 



Clytia johnstoni Verrill, Amer. Jour. Sci., vol. 9, 1875, p. 414. 



Clytia johnstoni Clark, Alaskan Hydroids, 1876, p. 212. 



Clytia johnstoni Winther, Fortegnelse over de i Danmark Hydroide Zoophyter, 1879, p. 234. 



Clytia johnstoni Bourne, Hydroids of Plymouth, 1889-90, p. 394. 



Clytia johnstoni 'McIntosm, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 6, vol. 5, 1890, p. 303. 



Clytia johnstoni Pictet, Hydraires d'Amboine, 1893, p. 28. 



Clytia johnstoni Crawford, Hydroids d'Amboine, 1893, p. 16; 1895, p. 260. 



Clytia johnstoni SAnTiiAVB, Die Hydromedusen Helgolands, 1897, p. 502. 



'! Clytia johnstoni Calkins, Hydroids of Puget Sound, 1899, p. 348. 



Campanularia johnstoni Browne, Fauna and Flora of Valencia Harbor, 1900, p. 348. 



Clytia grayi Nutting, Hydroids of the Woods Hole Region, 1901, p. 344. 



Clytia johnstoni Browne and Rupert, Isles of Scilly, 1904, p. 25. 



Clytia johnstoni Hartlaub, Die Hydroiden der magalhaensischen Region und cMlemschen Kiiste, 1905, p. 555. 



Clytia johnstoni 'BiLhATio, Travailleur et Talisman, Hydroides, 1907, p. 167. 



Campanularia johnstoni Broch, Die Hydroiden der antarktischen Meere, 1909, p. 227. 



Clytia johnstoni Ritchie, Suppl. Rept. Hydroids of Scottish Nat. Antarctic Exped., 1909, p. 71. 



Clytia volubilis Mayer, Medusae of the World, vol. 2, The Hydromedusee, 1910, p. 266. 



Clytia johnstoni Fraser, West Coast Hydroids, 1911, p. 36. 



Clytia johnstoni Bedot, Hydroides de Roscoff, 1911, p. 219. 



Clytia johnstoni Stechow, Hydroiden der Miinchener Zoologischen Staatssammlung, 1912, p. 352. 



Campanularia (Clytia) johnstoni Broch, Hydroidenuntersuchungen, No. 3, 1912, p. 50. 



Trophosome} — Colony consisting of a creeping rootstock from which unbranched or spar- 

 ingly branched pedicels arise. The pedicels sometimes attain a length of 5 mm. They are smooth, 

 for the most part, with usually 3-6 annulations at the distal and a more numerous group of 

 annulations at the proximal end. The rootstock is smoother and of greater diameter than the 

 pedicels. Hydrothecse campanulate with rounded bottom and gradually increasing diameter 

 to the margin, about 1.5 times as long 'as wide. The margin is ornamented with 16 well-marked 

 teeth, which are rounded at their ends. The diaphragm is strong, thicker than usual, and the 

 basal chamber well shown. Hydranth with a trumpet-shaped proboscis and about 16 tentacles. 



Gonosome. — Gonangia borne on short pedicels springing from the creeping rootstock, 

 cyhndrical in form, with rounded ends and walls regularly and extensively annulated. They are 

 usually from 2.5 to 3 times as long as wide. Their distal ends are abruptly truncated and closed 

 with a disk-shaped membrane resting on a distinct collar. The gonangia bear developing medusae. 

 At the time of liberation these are almost hemispherical in shape and are characterized by having 

 4 radial canals, 4 marginal tentacles, and 8 Hthocysts. 



Distribution. — The type-locality, if we regard the first specimens described by Alder as dis- 

 tinguished from C. volubilis of authors as the types, is the northeast coast of England. It is 

 one of the most widely distributed of the Campanularidas, being common on both sides of the 

 Atlantic in temperate latitudes. It is found in shallow water, and, being abundant, is well known. 

 It has been reported by various writers from the Mediterranean to Scandinavian shores of 

 Europe. More northern localities are northern Norway (Sars), west of Spitzbergen (Jaderholm), 

 and Iceland (Saemondsson) . On American coasts its most northern Atlantic record is Labrador 

 (Whiteaves). The most southerly American record that I have is Albatross station 2311, lat. 

 32° 55' N., long. 77° 54' W., near Charleston, South Carolina. Clark's Alaskan record seems 

 of doubtful vahdity. Hartlaub reports this species from New Zealand. 



Bathymetric record, 1 to 100 fathoms. 



This species cannot retain the name G. volubilis because this name was first apphed to 

 another form by Linnaeus in 1758. G. volubilis Linnaeus and G. volubilis Lamouroux are 

 different species, although they have been greatly confounded by authors. A careful examina- 

 tion wiU reveal the fact that G. volubilis Linnaeus is a Campanularia and G. volubilis Lamou- 

 roux is a Glytia. 



' Description of specimens collected at Grand Manan, New Brunswick, by C. C. Nutting. 



