THE CAMPANULABIDiE AND THE BONNEVIELLI0^. 71 



branch from which they arise and showing a group of usually 8 to 10 annulations near the bases. 

 The pedicels are long and slender, with 3 to 6 annulations at their distal ends. Hydrothecse 

 deeply campanulate, almost tubular and about three times as long as wide, and having their 

 margins ornamented with 12 or 14 very sharply pomted teeth. 



Gonosome. — Gonangia borne both on the rootstock and stems, oblong oval in shape, with 

 the distal end truncated and the proximal end tapering toward the annulated pedicel. The 

 extra capsular sporosacs are absent from the specimen described, but are characteristic of the 

 species, and, according to Sars, they each contain two ova in female colonies. 



Distribution. — American. New England coast (VerrUl); Beaufort, N. C. (Fraser). 



General. Norway (Sars); Sweden (Segerstedt) ; Denmark (Winther); Helgoland (Hart- 

 laub); Belgium (van Beneden); British coasts (Hincks); Cape Verde Islands (Ritchie); Chilean 

 coast (Hartlaub); French coast (Billard); Mediterranean (Sars). 



Calkins erroneously reports this species from Puget Sound, mistaking it for a species belong- 

 ing to another genus, Clytia edwardsi. 



Bathymetric distribution, 1 to 110 fathoms. 



GONOTHYR^A CLARKH (Marktanner-Tumeretscher). 



Plate 17, fig. 4. 



Gonothyrxa hyalina Clark, Alaskan Hydroids, 1876, p. 215. 



Laomedea (Gonothyrxa) clarkii Marktanner-Turneretscher, Hydroiden von Ost-Spitzbergen, 1895, p. 408. 



? Gonothyrxa hyalina Hartlaub, Hydroiden aus dein Stillen Ocean, 1901, p. 358. 



Gonothyrxa clarki Torrey, Hydroida of the Pacific Coast, 1902, p. 55. 



Gonothyrxa clarkii Jadekholm, Northern and Arctic Invert., pt. 4, Hydroiden, 1909, p. 65. 



Gonothyrxa clarkii Fraser, West Coast Hydroids, 1911, p. 36. 



Trophosome.^ — Colonies consisting of a tuft of upright stems growing on a common base. 

 Stems sinuous, dark horn-brown proximally, lightening distally. Branching irregular, but with 

 a tendency to an alternate arrangement, some of the branches themselves branching. In some 

 cases there is a tendency toward dichotomous branching. Stem and branches with groups of 

 usually 2 or 3 annulations just above the origins of branches or pedicels, sometimes more numerous. 

 Pedicels alternate, ordinarily much shorter than the hydrothecae, but often distinctly longer, 

 in which case there is usually a median smooth part with both ends annulated. Hydrothecse 

 slender, deeply campanulate, their upper portions being almost tubular. The lower part narrow- 

 ing gradually to meet the stem. The margin bears a number of very shallow and usually uneven 

 teeth. Diaphragm distinct, leaving a rather large basal chamber. Hydranths with a trumpet- 

 shaped hypostome and numerous tentacles. 



Gonosome. — The gonangia are borne on the stem, branches, and sometimes on the base of 

 the colony. Ordinarily they are in the axils of hydrothecse or branches. They are obconical in 

 form, rather slender with a flattened top on whicli medusoid meconidia, usually two or three 

 in number, rest. These latter show no radial canals, but have a cluster of fingerUke tentacles 

 on the distal end. Within the gonangium is a blastostyle bearing from 1 to 5 developing meco- 

 nidia. 



Distribution. — The type-locality for this species is Davis Bay, East Spitzbergen. Reported 

 also from Alaska at several stations down to 25 fathoms (Clark) ; and Cahf ornian coast at Oakland 

 (ToiTcy) . This species illustrates one of the few instances in which two authors have given the 

 same name to the same species. Marktanner-Turneretscher and Torrey having each named 

 this form after Clark who originally identified it as Gonothyraea hyalina. Specimens apparently 

 of this species sent me from Puget Sound by Prof. Trevor Eancaid are very profusely branched, 

 and attain a height of 5 in. Vancouver (Fraser) . 



' Description of a specimen kindly sent me by Dr. H. B. Torrey, from Oakland, California. 



