3. Offshore Breakwaters. 



a. Sandy Bay, Cape Ann, Massachusetts. 



e 



|-fe,; 



Figure 20. Aerial view of Sandy Bay Breakwater (1967). 



(1) Construction. 



(a) Completed. June 1916. 



(b) Type. Rubble-stone mound substructure surmounted by a sloped stone 

 block superstructure with 20- to 30-ton granite cap stones and 10-ton apron stones 

 (Fig. 20). 



(c) Purpose. A harbor of refuge for coastal commercial sailing vessels. 



(2) Owner. Department of the Army, U.S. Army Engineer Division, New England, 

 Waltham, Massachusetts 02154. 



(3) Location. Atlantic Ocean in Sandy Bay, about 1 mile off north shore of Cape 

 Ann, midway between Boston, Massachusetts and Portsmouth, New Hampshire. 



Latitude: 42°40'40"N: - Longitude: 70°35'30"W. 



(4) Physical Environment. 



(a) Protected Ocean Environment. Harbor and breakwater are protected from 

 westerly through southerly quadrant by mainland. Area is exposed to ocean winds and 



44 



