Variations in sediment characteristics along the study area were studied 

 by Hulsey (1962). He collected beach sediments at three locations across the 

 beach at 6-kilometer intervals along 360 kilometers of the eastern Lake 

 Michigan shoreline. Samples were collected in 1960 and 1961 during a minor 

 peak in lake level preceding the 1964 low level (see Fig. 2). Beach and 

 nearshore sediments south of Muskegon were studied by Cote (1967). 



Gray and Wilkinson (1979), using bluff recession data from Seibel (1972), 

 examined the effect of nearshore lithology on the rate of bluff recession. 

 They found that alongshore variations in bluff recession rates correlated with 

 alongshore variations in bathymetry and morphology of the nearshore zone. In 

 an area of low long-term recession rates they found an offshore profile devoid 

 of the common two or more longshore bars typical of high erosion areas. More- 

 over, the surface was composed of coarse sand and large boulders. Gray and 

 Wilkinson also found that lateral variations in the nearshore morphology 

 correlated well with lateral changes in the lithology of the bluff material. 



V. PROFILE LINE CHANGES 



1. Description of the Data. 



Each of the 17 profile lines (Fig. 2) was surveyed at roughly 4-week 

 intervals for a total of 56 surveys. (In October 1973 an additional profile 

 line (15A) was established 67 meters north of profile line 15 because of an 

 adjacent seawall. No surveys were made of profile line 15 between October and 

 December 1973. Both lines 15 and 15A were surveyed until December 1974. Only 

 the original profile line 15 is discussed in this report.) The actual survey- 

 ing dates are listed in Table 2. The data between August 1970 and September 

 1973 were collected, using the Emery surveying method (Davis, Fingleton, and 

 Pritchett, 1975; Davis, 1976), and vertically referenced to the lake level 

 during the first survey (176.6 meters, IGLD) . 











Table 2. 



Survey dates. 











Year 



Date 



Jan. 



Feb. 



Mar. 



Apr. 



May 



June 



July 



Aug. 



Sept. 



Oct. 



Nov. 



Dec. 



1970 

















3-5 

 28-29 



26-27 



24-25 



21-22 



18-20 



1971 



15-17 



12-13 



12-14 



9-11 



9-11 



2-4 

 30 



-2 



2-3 

 26-28 



24-26 



22-24 



19-20 



20-21 



1972 



15-17 



12-13 



10-12 



7-8 



6-7 



4-6 

 30- 



-1 

 29-30 



25-26 



29-30 



20-21 



18-19 



28-29 



1973 



13-14 



10-11 



9-11 



7 



14 



7-8 



7-8 



6-7 





8-9 



2-5 



5-7 



5-7 



1974 



2-5 

 28-31 



25-27 



21-26 



22-24 



20-22 



17-20 



15-17 



12-15 



9-11 



9-11 



4-6 



2-5 



The Emery method is a fast and inexpensive surveying method. Two people 

 use two graduated 5-foot poles and the horizon to measure the distance and the 

 change in elevation between adjacent survey points. Because the accuracy of 

 each survey point in this method depends on the accuracy of the previous 



20 



