the feasibility report and were in accordance with Froude's model law 

 (Raichlen, 1968); the scale relations are given in Table 4-8. 



Table 4-8. 



Monterey Harbor mo 



del scale relations. 



Characteristic 



Dimension' 



Model-to-prototype scale 



Length 



L 



L^ = 1:120 



Area 



l2 



A^-l2= 1:14,400 



Volume 



l3 



V^ = lJ= 1:1,728,000 



Time 



T 



T^ = Ly2 = 1:10.95 



Velocity 



L/T 



Y^ = l^jl2^ 1:10.95 



' Dimensions are in terms of length (L) and time (T). 



Scale effects due to wave transmission through the rubble-mound break- 

 waters were reduced by increasing the quarrystone sizes in the model by 

 a factor of two, compared to the sizes obtained by application of the 

 linear scale (see Sec. IV, 3, c). Wave heights measured in the model were 

 corrected due to the effects of bottom friction by use of Keulegan's 

 (1950b) eqtoation. The model was molded in cement mortar and reproduced 

 the entire harbor area and underwater contours to an offshore depth of 

 160 feet; enough of the offshore area was included to permit generation 

 of both long- and short -period test waves from the selected model direc- 

 tions of wave approach. The total area reproduced in the model was 

 approximately 7,800 square feet, representing about 4 square miles in 

 the prototype. Several layers of wave-absorber material were placed 

 around the seaward boundaries of the model and in front of the vertical- 

 faced wave generator to reduce the effects of wave reflection on model 

 test results. The intermediate- and long-period model waves were gener- 

 ated to scale by two sections of a vertical-bulkhead wave generator. The 

 two sections had a total length of 56 feet and were positioned to repro- 

 duce the average curvature of a long-period wave front bent by refraction 

 as it traveled through shallow water to the harbor area (Fig. 4-27). The 

 generator, by use of universal couplings between sections, operated from 

 a single power source. The horizontal movement of the vertical bulkhead 

 caused a periodic displacement of water incident to this motion. The 

 bulkhead speed and displacement were infinitely variable over the range 

 necessary to permit generation of model test waves. For the short -period 

 phase of the investigation, the two wave generator sections were combined 

 into one straight 56-foot generator mounted on retractable casters to en- 

 able the generator to be positioned to generate waves from more than one 

 test direction. To provide room for the wave generator to generate test 

 waves from the north (azimuth 360°) direction, the outer reaches of the 

 molded area were modified so that underwater contours were reproduced 

 only to an offshore depth of 120 feet (Fig. 4-28). 



(h) Test Procedures . The mean diurnal range of the astro- 

 nomical tide at Carmel, California, near Point Pinos and adjacent to 

 Monterey Harbor, is 5.2 feet; the maximum range is 9.7 feet. Mean higher 



267 



