Development of the prominent, isolated shoals Ohio-Hetzel and The Bull, located in the 

 center of the survey grid, appears to be related to the formation of the large shoals 

 (Southeast and Chester) extending southeast from Cape Canaveral and False Cape. The ends 

 of both shoals trend perpendicular to the major axis of the cape shoals, giving each a 

 hammerhead appearance. The ends of Chester Shoal and Southeast Shoal have a 

 northeast-southwest orientation, whereas the shoals lie northwest-southeast. (See Figure 5.) 

 The BuU has a northeast -southwest trend and is nearly the same size and shape as the tip of 

 Chester Shoal. Alignment and similarities in sediments and structure between The Bull and 

 the end of Chester Shoal suggest the former represents an earlier extension of Chester Shoal 

 which was separated and stranded by a retreating shoreUne. Ohio-Hetzel Shoals probably 

 have a similar origin, but it is speculative to interpret the genesis solely on basis of 

 topography. On the updrift side of Chester Shoal, small linear shoals have developed. (See 

 Figures 4 and 5.) Data are not available on the structure or sediments of these shoals. 

 However, bathymetric evidence suggests they represent various stages in the formation, 

 separation, and isolation from the shoreface. High luster and smooth polish of grains from 

 depths of 13 feet in shoaler areas of the survey grid, suggest sediments are probably being 

 reworked to those depths or have been recently buried. Periodic historical depth surveys 

 substantiate some movement of the shoals, and the major direction of shift is southeast. 

 3. Inventory of Sand Deposits. 



a. Sand Requirements. Sand volume requirements for initial fill and annual nourishment 

 of Brevard County beaches are detailed in the Beach Erosion Control Study of Brevard 

 County by the Jacksonville District (U.S. Army, Corps of Engineers, 1967); a more recent 

 assessment of shoreline conditions are presented in the Regional Inventory Report, National 

 Shoreline Study. (U.S. Army, Corps of Engineers, 1971.) Fill requirements for Brevard 

 County are itemized in Table 3. Sixteen miles of Brevard County shoreline are undergoing 

 severe erosion and require about 6.75 milUon cubic yards of fill for initial restoration of 

 beaches to meet present design standards. The more recent National Shoreline Study hsts 23 

 miles with a critical erosion condition. Nourishment of the Kennedy Space Center, Cape 

 Kennedy Air Force Station, city of Cape Canaveral, Patrick Air Force Base, and Atlantic 

 and Melbourne will require 747,000 cubic yards per year. Of the 37.3 million cubic yards 

 needed for periodic nourishment over a 50-year period, 12 million cubic yards will be 

 supplied by the sand bypassing system at Canaveral Harbor to the city of Cape Canaveral 

 beach area. The remainder must come from borrow sources. Inland and lagoonal borrow 

 sources are abundant in this region; however, letters from the Florida Board of 

 Conservation, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, and the Florida Game and Fresh Water Fish 

 Commission (U.S. Army, Corps of Engineers, 1967, Appendix G) state the importance of 

 irdand and lagoonal water masses for propagation and support of biologic communities, and 

 that sand for beach nourishment should be obtained from offshore sources. 



Parts of Volusia County coastal area are undergoing severe erosion and the Jacksonville 

 District is presently seeking authority for a Beach Erosion Control (BEC) study of the area. 

 Of 23 proposed Florida BEC studies, Volusia County rates the third highest in priority, and 

 Daytona Beach and the stretch south of Ponce de Leon Inlet (New Smyrna Beach area) are 

 the most critical areas in the county. (U.S. Army, Corps of Engineers, 1967.) Preliminary 

 examination of seismic and core data from the Volusia County part of the Inner Continental 



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