INTRODUCTION 



Groins are shore protection structures, usually built perpendicular 

 to the shore, that function to trap littoral drift or retard erosion of 

 the shore. This annotated bibliography is intended to provide a ready 

 source of published information on groins and groin-like structures. 



The Coastal Engineering Research Center (CERC) and its predeces- 

 sor, the Beach Erosion Board, have for many years been investigating 

 groins both in the field and laboratory. During the past several years, 

 the emphasis placed on investigation of groins has increased. As a 

 result, a study is now underway to determine functional and structural 

 behavior of groins to improve guidelines and criteria for use in their 

 design. 



As part of this investigation, the available literature was re- 

 viewed. It became apparent that the results of this review would 

 assist others; thus, this bibliography has been compiled and published. 



463 articles, published since 1900, on groins and groin-like 

 structures are referenced by this bibliography. Appropriate annota- 

 tions are provided to assist the investigator. Additionally, cross- 

 referenced indexes for author, title, and subject have been included 

 to facilitate access to the annotated section. 



USE OF BIBLIOGRAPHY 



Each entry of the bibliography consists of a code number, title, 

 author, source, annotation, and key word list. These entries appear 

 in consecutive order of code numbers, the code number depending in 

 part upon the year and month of publication, as: 



4204GR0002 



3Z 



Year: 1942 Month: April Serial Number 



Where the year or month of publication cannot be determined zeros are 

 substituted. 



For articles or reports which have been published the appropriate 

 citation is given. At the end of the source citation, call numbers of 

 those entries held in the CERC Library appear in parentheses. 



Annotations are an integral part of this compilation. Even so, 

 many articles, such as foreign and domestic articles that were unavail- 

 able to the authors or untranslated foreign articles have not been 

 annotated. In some cases, the titles of foreign articles, have been 

 translated to indicate the content of the article. U. S. Congress 

 House Documents have not been annotated because of their similarity of 



