ABSTRACT 



A groin is a shore protective structure built (usually perpendicu- 

 lar to the shore) to trap littoral drift or to retard erosion of the 

 shore. Considering all types of shore protective structures used by 

 coastal engineers, the groin is one of the most controversial and most 

 difficult to design. Because the functional and structural guidelines 

 for design are incomplete, many groin installations fail to fulfill 

 their intended purpose. CERC supports a continuing research program 

 devoted to gaining a better understanding of groins. This bibliog- 

 raphy evolved from the groin research program. 



About 460 articles published since 1900 on groins and groin-type 

 structures are presented in this bibliography. Annotations accompany 

 each bibliographic entry where possible. Indexes of authors, titles, 

 and subjects are included to aid the researcher. Unavailable litera- 

 ture such as foreign articles, although not annotated, are included as 

 entries in both the annotated section and the indexes. 



FOREWORD 



This bibliography was compiled by J. H. Balsillie and R. 0. Bruno 

 under the general supervision of D. W. Berg, Chief, Evaluation Branch, 

 and G. M. Watts, Chief, Engineering Development Division. 



Indexes of the bibliography were automated by the use of a computer. 

 Programs used were prepared by M. Keplinger of the National Bureau of 

 Standards and B. R. Sims of the Coastal Engineering Research Center. 

 Mr. Sims adapted these programs specifically for the compilation of 

 this bibliography. 



At the time of publication. Lieutenant Colonel Don S. McCoy was 

 Director of CERC; Thorndike Saville, Jr. was Technical Director. 



NOTE: Comments on this bibliography are invited. Readers who 

 find omissions or errors are urged to submit their suggestions. 



This report is published under authority of Public Law 166, 79th 

 Congress, approved July 31, 1945, as supplemented by Public Law 172, 

 88th Congress, approved November 7, 1963. 



