Note No. 35, Department of Civil Engineer- 

 ing, University of British Columbia, Van- 

 couver, Canada, July, 1961. (TC426.B2tn) 



In a systematic laboratory model study of groin structures, 

 lengths, crest heights and slopes, shapes and slopes of groin heads, 

 side slopes., ratios of groin spacings to lengths, ratios of crest 

 heights to water depths, angles of inclination to the waterline, 

 and various degrees of permeability of groins were investigated. All 

 results are fully illustrated and qualitative. 



Key Words - Experimental/Model/Terminal/System/Scour/Erosion/ 



Accretional/Shoaling/Structural-design/Single/Misc-plan/ 

 T- groins/Long/Short/Permeable/ Impermeable/ L-gro ins/Theory/ 



"Behavior of Beach Fill and Borrow Area 6108GR0001 



at Prospect Beach, West Haven, Connecticut" 

 Vesper, W. H. , U. S. Army, Beach Erosion 

 Board Technical Memorandum , No. 127, Aug., 

 1961, 29 pp. 



Comparative survey and sample data are analyzed to determine 

 behavior of beach fill obtained from an offshore borrow source. A 

 groin system and feeder beach were also included in the project. The 

 project has provided a protective beach over a 3-year period equal to 

 or greater than minimum dimensions required. Average annual losses 

 have been about 13,000 cubic yards per year, and the feeder beach has 

 performed satisfactorily. Size and sorting characteristics of the fill 

 material are shown to have been suitable, using Krumbein's method of 

 computed composite curves. Borrow sources, although only 1,000 feet 

 offshore, were suitable for local wave conditions, and shoaling thereof 

 has been limited to silty material. Annual costs have been about $3.00 

 per linear foot of shore protected. The groins are effective and have 

 probably reduced fill losses to a degree justifying their construction. 



Key Words - N. Atlantic/System/Misc-plan/Accretion/Economics/Rubble- 

 mound/ Impermeable/Fie Id/ Low/ Long/ 1955 -1959/ 



"Groins on the Shores of the Great Lakes" 6111GR0001 



Rayner, A. C, and Rector, R. L. , Journal 

 of the Waterways and Harbors Division , ASCE , 

 Vol. 87, No. WW4, Nov., 1961, p. 137. 



The authors state that use of permeable groins is not warranted 

 along the Great Lakes because of the deficiency of littoral drift 

 along those shorelines. This short article provides insight on groin 



93 



