IXDEX 



n: 



Portolano charts, l8; relative error 

 estimated by comparison with mod- 

 ern maps, 19; series of (1375-1500), 

 20; value, 18, 19, 22 



Portugal, 33< 34; current along, 42 



Portugal, Infant of, 40 



Portugal, King of, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 132 



Portuguese, 34; voyages to the north- 

 west, 131 



Portuguese maps compared with Span- 

 ish as to longitudes, 84, 85 



Prescott, W. H., 54 



Ptolemy, Claudius, 27, 139; estimate of 

 a degree, 28, 29; "Geography," edi- 

 tions, 57 



Ptolemy map of 1490, 21, 58-59 (ill-), 

 79, 80; Asia as represented on, 62; 

 equator's position, 23; Iberian Pe- 

 ninsula (in part) on, 15 (ill.). I7 



Puerto Grande, 127 



puta Roixa, 123 



Raccolta di documenti e studi pubbli- 

 cati . . . pel quarto centenario dalla 

 scoperta dell' America, 7. n. 34. 43, 

 44, 57. 60, 72, 74. 75. 76, 78. 86, 102, 

 103, 112, 115, 119, 120, 121, 122, 123, 

 124, 127, 134 



Ravenstein, E. G., map showing routes 

 of tlie four voyages, 35; "Martin 

 Behaim," 16, 17, 25, 27, 29, 59, 62, 

 63, 64, 69, 71, 75, 89, iq8, 138 



Reeds, 39 



Reinaud, J. T., and Stanislas Guyard, i 



Reinel (Pedro) chart, 134 



Rio de do diego, 123 



Rio de las almadias, 122 



Rio de las palmas, 126, 127 



Rio de los largartos, 121 



Rio do corno, 126, 136 



Roldan, Juan, 49 



Ruge, Sophus, 12 



Ruysch map of 1508, 128, 136, 140 



Saavedra, Alvaro de, 51 



Sailors, 45, 46; complaints, 48 



St. Vincent, Cape, 28, 39, 61, 123, 139 



Samana Bay, 52 



San Nicolas, 124 



San Salvador, 35 



Santangel, Luis de, 72 



Santarem, M. F., 20 



Sargasso Sea, 40, 41 



Schoner globes, 90, 92 



Schott, C. A., 35 



Seilan, 73 



Seneca, 36, 37 



Seven Cities, Island of the, 41 



Seville, 57 



Shea, J. G , 96, 137 



Sicily, 120 



Sierra Leone, 6, 7 



Sinjar, i 



Solomon, 75 



Soncino letters, 129 



South America, 70 



Spain, 45. See also Iberian Peninsula 



Spanisli maps compared with Portu- 

 guese as to longitudes, 84, 85 



Spice Islands, 51 



Stevens, Henry, 55, 93, 115, 



Stevenson, E. L., "Description of Early 

 Maps," 84; "Early Spanish Cartog- 

 raphy," 96; "Genoese World Map," 

 20; "Maps Illustrating Early Dis- 

 covery," 84, 8s, 91, 118, 132; "Marine 

 World Chart of Nicolo de Canerio 

 Januensis," 56, 91, 96; "Martin 

 Waldseemiiller," 96; "Portolan 

 Charts," 19; "Typical Early Maps," 

 96 



Stobnicza hemispheres, 92 



Syene, 13 



Taprobana Insula, 62 



Tarducci, Francesco, 55 



Tastu, J. See Buchon, J. A. C, and J. 

 Tastu 



Terra de Corte-Real, 131. 132, i33 



Terra de los Baccalaos, 85 



Terra Nova, 85 



Terrestrial degree. See Degree 



Thacher, J. B., 55, 56; "Christopher 

 Columbus," 32, 43, 55, 70, 82, 86, 87. 

 108, 115; examination of his view 

 about Columbus and the coast of 

 Asia, 82; idea of Columbus' term, 

 "New World," 87 



Tigers, 134 



Toscanelli chart, 56 



Trade winds, 49 



Trinidad (ship), 51 



Ulloa, Alfonso, 37 



Upper Guinea coast, equator in relation 



to, on maps of Africa, 23, 24, 25 

 Urdaneta, Andres de, 51 



Varnhagen, F. A. de, 77, 93, 114, 136 



\'ascano, Antonio, 59, 105 



\'asquez de la Frontera, Pero, 40 



Velez Allid, Alonzo, 40 



Vera Cruz, 85 



Veragua, 56, 60, 74, 75, 76, 83, 86, 127, 

 128 



Vespucius voyage of 1497. 77. 136 



Vicente, Martin, 39 



Vignaud, Henry, 2; Columbus' belief 

 that he had reached Asia, 54; conten- 

 tion as to Columbus' conduct of the 

 westward voyage, 46, 47; criticism of 

 Columbus as to his know-ledge of the 

 length of a degree, 2, 5, 25, 27, 28; 

 "Histoire critique," 2, 25, 31, 32, 33, 

 45. 46, 54, 57, 65; lack of scientific 

 considerations preceding Columbus' 

 first voyage, 31; "Toscanelli and 

 Columbus," 18, 54 



