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standard, 1 2-in Secchi disc, and measuring their performance under load. The power output of horizontally 

 oriented, upward-facing, photovoltaic cells submerged to the visual contrast limit depth was found to be a 

 constant, equal to approximately 5 to 10 percent of the power generated by upward-facing, horizontally oriented 

 cells in an atmospheric environment. The power output of the cells increased at lesser depths, until in the splash 

 zone the output was essentially the same or higher than in the atmospheric environment. Based on these findings 

 it can be concluded that high-efficiency silicon solar cells can serve as a practical electrical power supply in 

 electronic devices for marine applications, if their depth of submersion is less than the visual contrast limit at the 

 dive location. 



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