STACKED SAND-CEMENT BAGS 



Optional Backfill 



Bags 



\, 



CX 



•Filter 

 SECTION 



Stacked sandbags, Cape Hatteras, N.C. 



Photograph illustrates the concept of sand-cement bags. Bags in photo 

 are sand filled, not sand- cement. 



Prototype Installation : 

 Camp Perry, Ohio. 



A 100-foot section of pyramid-piled sand-cement bags served satis- 

 factorily as temporary protection (Kugel, 1955). 



Wave Tank Tests : 

 Unknown . 



Design Factors : 



Zero-damage wave height: Depends on bag size and structure thickness. 



Wave runup: 0.6 to 0.8 compared to smooth slopes (estimated). 



Wave reflection: Moderate (estimated). 



Remarks : 



Bags would be stacked like a detached breakwater with or without 

 backfill. 



Sufficient space should be provided between the structures so bluff 

 sloughs will not breach the structure from behind. 



An apron or other toe-scour protection should be a part of the design. 



Both toe-scour and differential settlement could cause failure of 

 structure. 



Ratio of sand to cement about 10 to 1 (same as soil cement) . 



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