159. McGHEE, E., "Storm Warnings are Coming Down for Gulf of Mexico Drillers," Oil 

 and Gas Journal, June 1960, pp. 99—101. 



Keywords: Gulf of Mexico, Offshore drillers. Storm warnings 



The offshore oil situation in the Gulf of Mexico from 1957 to 1960 is discussed. The 

 adverse situation and problems of both the offshore oil operators and the drilling 

 contractors are described, as well as the interrelationships between the two. The problems 

 discussed include the longtime lag between investment and income, the problem of finding 

 enough oil to make the investment worthwhile, the rapid obsolescence of drilling 

 equipment, and the decrease in allowables and crude prices which causes a decrease in the 

 rate of new drilling, which in turn forces drilling equipment and contractors to be out of 

 work, or else to operate at a loss. Changes in the situation and improvements in the 

 efficiency of drilling operations and well completions which help to solve some of these 

 problems are also discussed. 



160. McKAIN, D. W., "An 84-inch Outfall Laid Off Long Island," Ocean Industry, Vol. 8, 

 No. 7, July 1973, pp. 40-41. 



Keywords: Construction methods, Long Island, New York, Submarine pipeline outfall 



Article describes the construction of an 84-inch-diameter concrete outfall sewer 

 submarine pipeline laid off the coast of Long Island, New York. The prestressed concrete 

 pipe was constructed with precast concrete caps and cradles, and placed on piles driven into 

 the ocean floor. The piles were driven from a barge, using top and bottom templates, and 

 tlie pile cutoffs were made using a special chain saw system. The massive pipe sections were 

 placed from a pipelaying barge equipped with two derrick booms to handle the pipes. 

 External ballast tanks and interior ballast compartments were placed in the barge huU to 

 stabilize the barge during the pipe-handling operations. 



161. McKENNA, H, A., "Giant New Winch Built to Pull Undersea Pipe," Undersea 

 Technology, Sept. 1969, pp. 40-42. 



Keywords: Hydrauhc winch. Offshore pipeUne 



A large hydraulic winch system that can be used to pull offshore submarine pipelines 

 is described. The design specifications, operation characteristics, and advantages of the 

 winch system are discussed. 



162. McNAMERA, E. J., "Seven-mQe Hot Pipe Line in the Gulf of Mexico," Civil 

 Engineering, Vol. 30, No. 4, Apr. 1960, pp. 47-49. 



Keywortls: Hot pipeline. Gulf of Mexico 



Article describes the construction of a hot submarine pipeline designed to transport 

 molten sulphur 7 miles from an offshore manmade island near the sulphur mine in the Gulf 

 of Mexico to the onshore storage and loading installations on the Louisiana coast. The pipe 

 consists of a 6-inch-diameter sulphur Une, which runs inside a hot waterUne. The hot 



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