102. DEFONG, J., "Development and Utilization of a Deepwater Pipeline Cortnector," 

 Offshore Technology Conference, Vol. II, Apr.-May 1973, pp. ni49-ni62. 



Keywords: Pipeline connector system 



Article describes a deepwater pipeline connector system which utilizes a one- 

 atmosphere subsea work chamber and connector chamber to encapsulate the pipe 

 connection work area. The device makes use of the seawater pressure available at large 

 depths for pulling one pipe end close to the other and through the port on the connector 

 chamber. The pipe-joining operation is controlled, and the pipe is welded within tlie 

 one-atmosphere manned work chamber. The pipe connection operation is described for 

 pipes laid by both the lay barge and bottom-puU methods. The basic connector system can 

 be used for joining pipes during construction and repairing damaged pipe sections. Modified 

 connector chambers can be used for making platform-user connections and pipeline tie-ins. 

 The chambers can also be used to encapsulate pipeUne valves and controls for subsea 

 maintenance, servicing, and manual operation. A manifold chamber can be used with 

 single-point mooring systems for simplified installation and replacement of the SPM hoses, 

 and the installation of valves and other controls. 



103. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR, "California Undersea Aqueduct Prereconnais- 

 sance Study," Bureau of Reclamation, Dec. 1969. 



104. DIXON, D. A., and RUTLEDGE, D. R., "Stiffened Catenary Calculations in PipeUne 

 Laying Problems," Transactions, American Society of Mechanical Engineers, Vol. 90, 

 Feb. 1968, p. 153. 



Keywords: Bending stresses. Lay barge. Pipeline laying 



Paper describes a method for calculating the required tension and pipe angle at the lay 

 barge for the laying of a pipeline in deep water from a lay barge with an inchned derrick, 

 without the use of a stinger. Equations to determine tlie end conditions of the pipeUne 

 required at the lay barge to prevent excessive bending stresses at the point of maximum 

 curvature near the ocean floor are developed using two methods of analyses. The equations 

 are derived by first assuming the pipeline to take the form of a natural catenary, and second 

 assuming the pipeline to take the form of a stiffened catenary. Both methods yield about 

 the same results for the calculation of the required tension at the lay barge, but the stiffened 

 catenary method gives better results for the required angle of the pipe at the lay barge, 

 because end effects due to pipeline bending stiffness have been neglected in assuming tlie 

 pipe to take the form of a natural catenary. Dimensionless curves are given for application 

 of the results of the analyses, and examples are given to illustrate their use, and to compare 

 the two methods. 



105. DOMINGUEZ, R. F., "Predicting Behavior of Suspended Pipelines in the Sea," 

 Offshore Technology Conference, Vol. I, May 1972, pp. I619-I628. 



Keywords: Computer analysis, Hydrodynamic forces 



Paper describes a computer-oriented analytical method that enables the determination 

 of the static and dynamic behavior of pipeline systems suspended below the sea surface. The 



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