considerations of such a system are also discussed. Economic advantages and disadvantages 

 of solid transport in pipes are discussed briefly and examples are cited. A brief description 

 of the experimental approach used in studying solid transport in pipes is also included. 



89. BURKE, B. G., "An Analysis of Marine Risers for Deep Water," Offshore Technology 

 Conference, Vol. I, Apr.-May 1973, pp. I449-I464. 



Keywords: Bending stresses, Drilling vessel 



An analytical model to calculate the static and dynamic behavior of marine risers 

 supported from floating driUing vessels is presented. A computer-oriented numerical 

 integration method is used which allows variation of the parameters along the length of the 

 riser. The mathematical model is described, and the basic equations of the analysis are given. 

 The method of solution of the equations in the model is given in the appendix. The static 

 analysis includes the effect of top tension, horizontal offset of the vessel, and current forces 

 on the riser. The analysis of the dynamic response, due to vessel motion and wave forces, 

 includes the bottom angle, maximum bending stress, and top stress as the basic parameters. 

 A 16-inch-diameter marine riser was analyzed for water depths ranging from 400 to 2,000 

 feet to illustrate the results of the analysis, and also to determine important factors involved 

 in extending existing riser design into deeper water. The results and conclusions of the 

 analysis are discussed and illustrated in several graphical relationships between the 

 parameters. 



90. CAIN, G. H., and GORDON, M., "Modern Techniques for Underwater Hot Tapping," 

 Offshore Technology Conference, Vol. II, Apr.-May 1973, pp. II291-II294. 



Keywords: Submarine pipeline, Underwater hot tap 



Paper describes the techniques used in hot-tapping submarine pipelines. The procedure 

 and equipment are described, and several examples are given illustrating the appUcation of 

 underwater hot tapping to several situations. The examples include a gathering Une tied-in to 

 a transmission hne, a gathering line tied-in to an offshore platform, and the recovery of 

 trapped crude oil in a sunken tanker. 



91. THE CALIFORNIA COMPANY, "Hurricane Caria, Gulf of Mexico, September 8-14, 

 1961, with Supplementary Report, Hurricane Hattie, Off British Honduras, October 

 27-31, 1961," Engineering Reports, New Orleans Production Department, Dec. 1961. 



Keywords: British Honduras, Hurricane Carla, Hurricane Hattie, Louisiana-Texas gulf coast 

 The physical damage caused by Hurricane Carla on the offshore oil operations of the 

 Louisiana- Texas gulf coast is summarized. The various types of damage are Usted, along with 

 conclusions and new techniques to be applied to tlie correction and prevention of structural 

 damage by future hurricanes. Cost estimates of damage and production losses are also given. 

 Damage to offshore drilling rigs located off the British Honduras coast from Hurricane 

 Hattie is discussed in the supplementary report. 



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