other inhabited places in the Kodiak Island region which suffered 

 damage from the tsunami included Port William, Shyak Island; Afognak 

 (village), Afognak Island; Port Wakefield, Raspberry Island; Uzinki 

 Spruce Island; Shearwater Bay, Kodiak Island; Old Harbor, Kodiak Island; 

 and Kaguyak, Kodiak Island. Afognak (village). Old Harbor, and Kaguyak 

 were almost totally destroyed, and the Indian communities of Afognak 

 and Kaguyak have now been relocated to other areas . Damage in all these 

 areas totaled about $10 million. 



In Cook Inlet, tsunami activity was relatively minor and almost 

 entirely absent in the upper reaches near Anchorage. This is ascribed 

 to the fact that the main tsunami probably lost a great deal of energy 

 by reflection, refraction, and diffraction on entry at the mouth of Cook 

 Inlet where a natural sill exists. The tsunami, as it progressed up the 

 Inlet, would also have encountered strong attenuation from friction and 

 from powerful ebb currents of the outgoing spring tide. Its main effects 

 were felt, as expected, at Homer and Seldovia in the wide basin of the 

 lower Cook Inlet. Wave damage at Homer was slight, and damage was mainly 

 from inundation and subsidence. Seldovia suffered somewhat more from 

 wave action than Homer. Damage here was estimated at about one-half of 

 a million dollars. 



Off the Kenai Peninsula the tsunami had a direct approach to 

 Resurrection Bay at the head of which lies the town of Seward with a 

 population of about 2,000. This bay effectively forms a chain system of 

 three basins which jointly have first and second modes of free oscilla- 

 tion with periods (Equation (^3)) that are short in comparison with the 

 effective period of the tsunami. This circumstance prevented any reso- 

 nant response to the fundamental tsunami and spared Seward a far worse 

 fate than it might have had if the bay had been shallow. 



An inferred marigram for Seward (Figure 137) has been prepared from 

 eyewitness accounts of what happened. It seems apparent that the immedi- 

 ate effect of the earthquake at Seward was to jolt loose a large slice of 

 the steepest part of the glacial delta near the Standard Oil Company docks, 

 at the southern convexity of the Seward waterfront. This presumably slid 

 away as a fast density current and carried with it much of the oil docks 

 and part of the Alaska Railroad docks farther south. 



The consequence of this was both a drawdown of water and a backlash 

 of seismic sea waves. The first wave is thought to have been of annular 

 type perhaps kO feet high originating from a mound of water displaced by 

 the submarine slide. This wave appears to have returned and hit first the 

 very point of origin of the slide. The Standard Oil tanks caught fire at 

 about this time which was within the duration period of the earthquake. 



The annular type wave front, striking this promontory of coast, sepa- 

 rated into two components which swept north and south along the waterfront. 

 Both components of the wave were photographed (Figures II42 and IU3). 



At the oil docks, the Alaska Standard, a small tanker of 1,9^7 gross 

 tons, was first drawn seaward with the collapse of the docks and then 



356 



