(2) Timber-pile structures should have piles of adequate 

 strength capable of developing sufficient soil adhesion to 

 resist pullout from buoyant forces. 



(3) Timber decking for harbor structures should be ade- 

 quately fastened to the supporting piles to resist uplift 

 pressures . 



(1+) Adequate structural strength and adequate bracing in 

 piled structures are important . 



(5) Guide-piles for floating small-craft landing decks 

 should desirably be crossbraced above and below water to 

 develop adequate truss strength against water loading. 



c. Land and Waterfront Structures 



(1) Buildings on exposed land areas should have deep 

 foundations of reinforced concrete of the beam and raft 

 type, to resist scour and undermining. 



(2) Buildings should be oriented, if possible, to expose 

 their shorter sides to potential wave inundation. 



(3) Reinforced concrete or steel frame buildings with 

 shear walls are desirable. 



(h) Wooden- frame buildings should preferably be located 

 in the lee of more substantial buildings. 



(5) Wooden- frame buildings should be well secured to their 

 foundations, and have corner-bracing at ceiling level. 



(6) Frame buildings in very exposed, low-lying areas should 

 be designed so that the ground floor area may be considered 

 expendable, since wetting damage would be inevitable. 

 Elevated "stilt" design of aesthetic quality should be 

 considered. 



(7) Tree screening should be considered as a buffer zone 

 against the sea and for its aesthetic value. 



d. Power Plants and Oil Storage 



(1) Power plants should be located out of reach of water. 



(2) Oil tanks should be located on high ground or sur- 

 rounded by dikes or walls to prevent oil spillage and 

 fire hazard. 



379 



