c. The average strength is identified as S. 



d. Insert A, S, D, L, and B into the following 

 relationship and solve for F' . 



F; = 5AS(1.0 + 0.2 ~ 



1.0 + 0.2 — 



e. Insert D/B into Equation 5 (or refer to Figure 3) 

 and calculate fn^/F 



f. Multiply Fit,/Fq by F^ to obtain Fj^,, the portion 

 of the immediate breakout force which will be car- 

 ried by the soil. 



Undrained Shear Strength, S (psf) 



100 200 300 



Figure 7. Typical undrained shear 

 strength profile for 

 cohesive seafloor soils. 



F. Calculate the line force required 

 for immediate breakout, Fgj^,. 



Fgib = 1-5 Fib + W, - W3 



A safety factor of 1 .5 on F^, is 

 included to allow for the scatter 

 of data in Figure 13. 



G. Determine whether or not F£i(j 

 can be applied with the equip- 

 ment available. If it can, apply 

 Fgib and detach the object. If it 

 cannot, proceed with the follow- 

 ing steps. 



H. Determine what line force can be 

 achieved and identify it as Fg^,. 



I. Calculate F^ = Fg^ - W^, -^ W^ 



J. Calculate Fj^/Fji^, with Fj^, as 

 calculated in either step Elc or 

 step E2f. 



K. Refer to Figure 5 (or Equation 7) 

 and obtain T. 



L. Calculate the time required for 



breakout, t^ 



= ^ (§/ 



where p = Fi^/A (foot/pound/ 

 minute units must be used). 



29 



