S 0.6 - 



1 



1 





1 1 1 









existing soil mechanics relationship 







o 





□ 









a 









- 





o 



- 



° Q 











O 





O 



o 







O San Francisco Bay field tests 



□ 







B Gulf of Mexico field tests 



1 



1 





1 1 1 



Normalized Embedment Depth,— 



Figure 2. Normalized immediate breal<out force versus normalized embedment 

 depth— field tests. 



To present all of the immediate breakout data on one plot, it is 

 necessary to convert the breakout force terms for field and laboratory test- 

 ing into the same form. The form of the laboratory test force terms was altered 

 to that of the field test terms to achieve this objective. The quantity obtained 

 is identified as Fn,/Fq, with F^ equal to 6 AS [1.0 + 0.2(D/B)]. By referring 

 to Equation 4, it can be seen that F^ is quite similar to F^ although the method 

 used to determine it is different. A general plot of F^^/F^ and Fj^/Fq versus 

 D/B for all of the immediate breakout tests considered is presented in Figure 3. 



By comparing Equations 2 and 4, it can be seen that Fji^/Fq or Fj^/Fq 

 would always equal 1 .0 if Equation 2 were strictly correct for breakout. How- 

 ever, as can be seen, there are significant deviations from 1 .0 for low values of 



17 



