ANGLESEY. 



63 



Mountain, a couple of miles to the south of the town. They were discoyered in 

 1768. Holyhead (Caer Gybi), on a smaller island lying off the west coast of 

 Anglesey, to which it is joined by a railway embankment and an old bridge, has 

 attained considerable importance as the nearest port to Ireland. Holyhead may 

 almost be called an outport of London, and engineering works on a large scale 

 have been completed to adapt it to the requirements of the increasing trade 

 between England and Ireland, and as a harbour of refuge for vessels trading to 

 Liverpool. Two breakwaters, with a total length of 9,860 feet, planned by 

 J. M. Eendel, and completed by Sir J. Hawksley in 1873, protect a harbour with 

 an area of 267 acres. They are built upon rubble mounds, 250 feet wide at the 



Fig. 31. — HoLïHEAD Harbouh. 

 Scale 1 : 50,000. 



Depth under 5 Fathoms. 



.5 to 10 Fathoms. 

 _^_^_ Haifa Mile. 



Over 10 i'athoms. 



surface of the water, and their solid walls, ri.sing to a height of 38 feet, form a 

 noble promenade. The stones for these works were furnished by the neighbouring 

 hills. Mariners may well have bestowed the epithet of " Holy " upon so con- 

 spicuous a promontory, even though a monastery had not been established at its 

 foot until the seventh century after Christ. A fine lighthouse rises at the head of 

 the breakwater, which, with the light on the Skerries, 6 miles to the north of it, 

 points out the road to Liverpool. 



Llangefni and Llanerchijmedd are the principal towns in the interior of the 

 island, the former having collieries, whilst the latter is famous for its cattle fairs 

 and snuff. A remarkable cromlech, known as " Arthur's Quoit," stands near it. 



