DEYONSHIEE. 87 



river Looe, which affords access to the old mining town of Lkkeard. Granite 

 and ores are the principal articles of export. 



The north-western coast of Cornwall is far poorer in good harbours than the 

 south-east coast. The most important is St. Ives, the principal seat of the 

 pilchard fishery. It is a quaint old town at the entrance to a fine bay, on which is 

 also situated the small port of Hayle. Both export the produce of the neio-hbour- 

 ing mining district, the centres of which are Redruth, Camborne, and Phillack. 



Neiv Quay, farther north, exports a little iron ore. Padstow, at the mouth of 

 the estuary of the Camel, has an indifferent harbour, but is of some importance on 

 account of its fisheries and coasting trade. It is a very ancient, but by no means 

 an attractive place. Following the Camel upwards, we reach Bodmin, the county 

 town, but not otherwise remarkable, and Camelford, near the head of that river. 

 In its neighbourhood are the slate quarries of DeJahole. Once more resuming our 

 voj'age along the cliff-bound coast, we pass the castle of Tintagel on its lofty rock, 

 and reach Bude Haven, at the mouth of a canal, by which tons of sand containing 

 carbonate of lime are transported inland. 



The only place of importance in the interior of the county not yet noticed is 

 Launceston, with a fine Gothic church and a ruined castle, on the Attery, a 

 tributary of the Tamar, which separates Cornwall from Devonshire. 



Devonshire is noted throughout England for its picturesque scenery, its rich 

 pasture-lands, orchards, and copper mines. The north of the county is occupied by 

 the treeless moorlands of Exmoor, the centre by the equally sterile Dartmoor 

 Forest ; in the east the Black Downs extend into the county from Dorsetshire ; but 

 the south is rich in orchards, and hence is known as the " Garden of Devonshire." 



Ph/mouth, with its sister towns of Devonport and Stonehouse, has grown into the 

 greatest centre of population on the south-west coast of England. No other town has 

 been so frequently mentioned in connection with expeditions of war and discovery. 

 It was from Plymouth that Sir Francis Drake started in 1577, and Cook in 1772. 

 Although a town of war, girdled by fortifications, with crenellated walls occupying 

 every point of vantage, Plymouth is nevertheless a beautiful town. From the 

 surrounding heights and from the walks which line the quays we look in all 

 directions upon bays and inlets of the sea studded with vessels. Here steamers 

 glide swiftly from shore to shore ; there sailing vessels are anchored in the 

 roadstead ; farther away we look upon men-of-war and huge hulks towering 

 above the water ; whilst on the open sea, which glistens beyond the break- 

 water, may be seen passing vessels with swollen sails. Bight opposite to the town 

 rise the heights of Mount Edgcumbe, clad Avith fine trees, divided by broad 

 avenues into picturesque masses. When the sun lights up the landscape we 

 might almost fancy ourselves transported to some Italian city on the Mediter- 

 ranean seaboard, the delusion being heightened by the clustering pines. The 

 magnificent roadstead of Plymouth, known as the "Sound," covers 1,800 acres, 

 and receives the tribute of the rivers Plym and Tamar, the estuary of the 

 first forming the harbour of Catwater on the east, and that of the latter the 

 Hamoaze on the west. The harbour was long exposed to the heavy sea which 



