250 



THE BRITISTT ISLES. 



dreariness. The great iron works of this prosperous town were originally con- 

 structed for the treatment of Spanish and Algerian ores, but they now draw most 

 of their supplies from the Cleveland Hills, which form the northern escarpment 

 of the Moors, and yield nearly one-third of all the iron ore found in Great 

 Britain. In addition to iron and steel, Middlesborough manufactures machinery 

 and earthenware, and carries on a most extensive commerce. Its growth has, 

 indeed, been unparalleled in Europe, and only Barrow-in-Furness can compare 

 with it. 



Guishorotujh, the centre of the mining district, is a town of great age, with 

 the ruins of an Augustinian priory. Other places in the vicinity are Skelton-in- 

 Cleveland, Orniesb}/, and Normanhij. 



Northallerton and T/iirsk are quiet agricultural towns at the foot of the 



Fig. 122. — MiDDLESIiOKOUGH AND StOCKTON-OX-TeES. 



Scale 1 : 97,600. 



IMUe. 



Ilambleton Hills, which form the western escarpment of the Moors, and on the 

 margin of the vale of York. Near Northallerton was fought the Battle of the 

 Standard (1138). Hehnsley lies at the southern foot of the Moors, on the fringe of 

 the vale of Pickering. The ruins of Rivaulx Abbey, the first Cistercian house 

 established in Yorkshire (1132), are near it. 



Far more widely known than either of these agricultural towns of Yorkshire 

 are the watering-places which dot the coast from the mouth of the Tees to Flani- 

 borough Head. The most renowned amongst them are Whitby and Scarborough. 

 Whithij, at the mouth of the river Esk, which rises in the Cleveland Hills, is at the 

 same time a shipping port and a watering-place, and occupies a most picturesque 



