298 THE BRITISH ISLES. 



entrenchment, and rises in the centre of the field on which Percy, Earl of North- 

 umberland, defeated a Scotch army in 1402. The more famous Field of Flodden, 

 the scene of the crushinj^ defeat and death of James IV., lies 8 miles to the north- 

 west, not far from the Tweed. Chilling:ham Castle, often referred to in connection 

 with its breed of wild cattle, is about 4 miles above Wooler, on the Till. 



Benru'h-on-Tu-ecd, the old border fortress, lies at the mouth of the Tweed, and 

 vessels of 500 tons burden can approach its quays. The old bastioned walls are 

 still in good condition. A bridge and a stupendous railway viaduct, 2,1G0 feet 

 in length, connect Berwick with its suburb Twoedmonth, on the southern bank of 

 the river. Spittal, much frequented for its sea baths, adjoins the latter on the 

 east. Berwick has iron foundries and machine factories, and exports the salmon 

 caught in the Tweed, packed in ice. This is the northernmost town in England, 

 of which it has formed part only since 1482, in which year it was finally wrested 

 from the Scotch. 



