WOD-MEDINEH— KAMLIN. 



243 



destroyed by the Funj, stands the town of Messalamich, in the midst of fields of 

 durra, a strong place which the insurgents took from the Egyptians after a long 

 and murderous sieo-e. Before the war it had become a considerable market, 

 precisely because it was distant from the river, so that the nomads had here to 

 fear the passage of armies less than in towns lying on the banks of the Nile. 



Below Abu-Ahraz, on the left bank of the main stream, a few ruins mark the 

 site of KamUn, or Kammin, where, under the protection of the Egyptian govern- 



Fig. 79.— Confluence of the Two Niles. 

 Scale 1 : 265,000. 



Dy°5iT 



52°5Ï 



L . c r breenwicii 



G Miles. 



ment, some European merchants founded in 1840 large soap, indigo, sugar and 

 distilling factories. For a long time these establishments were prosperous, thanks 

 to the cheapness of coal and labour, but more especially thanks to the monopoly 

 possessed by the manufacturers, whose products the officers and soldiers were 

 obliged to take in part payment of their salaries. But the forests have been 

 wasted, the country has been depopulated, and the monopoly has met its usual fate, 

 poverty and ruin. 



