APPENDIX II. 



461 



of the Oigob simply as "class prefixes" analogous to those of the Bantu system. 

 They certainly seem to indicate, besides sex, the qualities of strength, vigour, 

 courage (masculine), or else anything soft, effeminate, weak or delicate (feminine). 

 Thus the Masai call themselves il Oic/ob =i " the men," using the masculine particle, 

 whereas their Wa-Kwafi neighboui's are stigmatised with the feminine particle, as im- 

 Baraivûio, plural cm-Barawiii, implying weakness or effeminacy. It is also noteworthy 

 that, as with the Bantu prefixes, the mascuKne and feminine articles are repeated in a 

 more or less modified form, both before the noun and its adjective. Thus : ol-doeno 

 oihor ■= the-mountain the-white (masculine) ; en-anga na-ihor =^ the-dress the-white 

 (feminine). These forms are most instructive as j^robably supplying the crude begin- 

 ning of the highly developed alliterative Bantu system on the one hand, and on the other 

 those of true grammatical gender as fully elaborated in the higher orders of inflecting 

 speech. Compare, for instance, with the foregoing examples, the Zulu-Kafir : in-Kosi 

 en-Kulu =■ the-chief the-great ; and the Latin : domin-a me-a = lady-the my-the, where 

 the parallelism between the respective initial and final " euphonic concords " is obvious. 

 Here also we see how the different morphological orders of speech merge imperceptibly 

 one in the other, and how groundless is the new philological doctrine that these several 

 orders are definitely fixed, and, like Cuvier's animal and vegetable species, incapable of 

 fiu'ther transformation. 



Although Islam has made considerable progress, especially amongst the Funj of 

 Senaar, the Shilluks, Dinkas, and other Nilotic Negro tribes, the bulk of the people are 

 still practically nature-worshippers. Witchcraft continues to flourish amongst the 

 Equatorial tribes, and important events are almost everywhere attended by sanguinary 

 rites. When preparing for battle, the " medicine-man " flays an infant and places the 

 bleeding victim on the war-path to be trampled by the warriors marching to victory. 

 Cannibalism also, in some of its most repulsive forms, prevails amongst the Nyam-Nj- am, 

 who barter in human fat as a universal staple of trade ; and amongst the Monbuttu, 

 who cure for future use the bodies of the slain in battle, and * ' drive their prisoners 

 before them, as butchers drive sheep to the shambles, and these are only reserved to fall 

 victims on a later day to their horrible and sickly greediness." * Yet many of these 

 peoples are skilled agriculturists, and cultivate some of the useful industries, such as 

 iron smelting and casting, weaving and pottery, with great success. The form and 

 ornamental designs of their utensils display real artistic taste, while the temper of their 

 iron-implements is often superior to that of the imported European hardware. Here 

 again the observation has been made, that the tribes most addicted to cannibalism also 

 excel in mental qualities and physical energy. Nor are they strangers to the finer 

 feelings of human nature, and above all the surrounding peoples the Zandeh anthro- 

 pophagists are distinguished by their regard and devotion for the weaker sex. 



Kavirondo 



Kuri 



Kara 



Nanda 



Shefalu 



Madi 



Shuli 



Lahore 



Gnmhil 



Kirim 



Mala 



Ishing 



,East side Victoria Nyanza, dominant from the WaSoga territory to the Kerewé 

 Island, south-east corner of the lake. Speech appears to be Negro and akin 

 I to Shilluk. " The Wa- Kavirondo are by no means attractive in their appear- 



{ ance, and contrast unfavourably with the Masai. Their heads are of a dis- 



I tinctly lower type, eyes dull and muddy, jaws somewhat prognathous, mouth 



unpleasantly large, and lips thick, projecting and evertei ; they are, in fact, 

 ^ true Negroes." — Joseph Thomson, " Through Masai Land " p. 474. 

 Nanda uplands, north of Kavirondo, fierce wild tribes of uncertain affinities. 

 North IJ-Nyoro, akin to the Shilluks. 



I Between the Lower Somer.-et Nile and the Madi Mountains, and limited westwards 

 i by the Bahr-el-Jebel. 



Middle and Upper Sobat basin. 



Schweiiifurth, op. cit.. ii p. 93. 



